Email this article Menggali Perspektif Lintas Budaya: Analisis Perbandingan Perilaku Memilah Sampah di Indonesia dan Jerman
Abstract
Studi ini menganalisis perbedaan perilaku memilah sampah antara Indonesia dan Jerman menggunakan dimensi budaya Hofstede yaitu jarak kekuasaan, individualisme-kolektivisme, dan penghindaran ketidakpastian. Meskipun telah ada upaya untuk mengelola sampah, penelitian ini membantu menjelaskan mengapa negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia, menemui tantangan dalam menerapkan perilaku pro-lingkungan, terutama dalam memilah sampah. Kajian literatur digunakan dengan pendekatan psikologi lintas budaya yang merupakan studi perbandingan kritis tentang bagaimana budaya memengaruhi psikologi. Melalui kajian literatur dengan pendekatan psikologi lintas budaya, studi ini membandingkan tentang bagaimana budaya mempengaruhi psikologi. Pada budaya jarak kekuasaan, Indonesia memerlukan teladan dalam implementasi kebijakan lingkungan, sedangkan Jerman memiliki partisipasi masyarakat tinggi dalam pemilahan sampah. Indonesia termasuk kolektivis cenderung memilah sampah bersama dalam komunitas, sementara Jerman yang individualis menekankan tanggung jawab individu. Pada budaya penghindaran ketidakpastian, Indonesia memerlukan standarisasi aturan dan fasilitas bank sampah, sementara Jerman memberlakukan aturan dan sanksi jelas untuk memperkuat perilaku memilah sampah. Kesimpulannya, terdapat perbedaan perilaku memilah sampah antara Indonesia dan Jerman yang terkait faktor kebijakan. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk melakukan studi yang lebih eksploratif dan komprehensif dalam setiap dimensi budaya, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor internal dan eksternal lainnya.
This study analyzes the differences in waste sorting behavior between Indonesia and Germany using Hofstede's cultural dimensions: power distance, individualism-collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance. Despite efforts to manage waste, this research helps explain why developing countries, including Indonesia, face challenges in implementing pro-environmental behavior, particularly in waste sorting. A literature review is used with a cross-cultural psychology approach, which critically examines how culture influences psychology. Within the power distance culture, Indonesia requires role models in environmental policy implementation, while Germany exhibits high public participation in waste sorting. Indonesia, as a collectivist society, tends to sort waste jointly in communities, whereas Germany, an individualistic society, emphasizes individual responsibility. In the uncertainty avoidance culture, Indonesia needs standardized rules and waste bank facilities, while Germany enforces clear regulations and sanctions to strengthen waste sorting behavior. In conclusion, there are differences in waste sorting behavior between Indonesia and Germany related to policy factors. Also, several efforts can be considered to improve waste sorting behavior in Indonesia. Further research is recommended to conduct more exploratory and comprehensive studies in each cultural dimension, considering other internal and external factors.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ambarfebrianti, M., & Novianty, A. (2021). Hubungan orientasi nilai terhadap perilaku pro-lingkungan remaja. Jurnal Ecopsy, 8(2), 149. https://doi.org/10.20527/ecopsy.2021.09.015.
Andina, E. (2019). The Analysis of Waste Sorting Behavior in Surabaya. Jurnal Aspirasi, 10(2), 119–138. https://doi.org/10.22212/aspirasi.v10i2.1424.
Azevedo, B. D., Scavarda, L. F., Caiado, R. G. G., & Fuss, M. (2021). Improving urban household solid waste management in developing countries based on the German experience. Waste Management, 120(xxxx), 772–783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.001.
Ham, M., Mrčela, D., & Horvat, M. (2015). Insights for measuring environmental awareness. Ekonomski Vjesnik, 29(1), 159–176. https://hrcak.srce.hr/161021.
Hendra, Y. (2016). Perbandingan Sistem Pengelolaan Sampah di Indonesia dan Korea Selatan: Kajian 5 Aspek Pengelolaan Sampah. Aspirasi, 7, 77–91.
Hertati, D. (2018). Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sampah Berbasis Masyarakat Sebagai Solusi Alternatif Green City Di Kota Surabaya. Dinamika Governance : Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.33005/jdg.v7i1.1200.
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations (2nd ed.). London: Sage Publications, Inc.
Hofstede Insights. (2023). Country Comparison Tool. Diunduh di https://www.hofstede-insights.com/country-comparison-tool?countries=germany%2Cindonesia tanggal 18 Juli 2023.
Indrawati, M.-, Hidayat, H., & Chamariyah, C. (2019). Bank Sampah Lontar Mandiri : Pemberdayaan Ibu-Ibu Pkk Kelurahan Lontar Kecamatan Sambikerep. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR), 2, 1437–1444. https://doi.org/10.37695/pkmcsr.v2i0.429.
Irawan, Elia, A., & Benius. (2022). Interactive effects of citizen trust and cultural values on pro-environmental behaviors: A time-lag study from Indonesia. Heliyon, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09139.
Jarvis, M. (2017). Teori-Teori Psikologi: Pendekatan Modern untuk Memahami, Perilaku, Perasaan, dan Pikiran Manusia.1st ed. Bandung: Nusa Media.
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK). (2022). Capaian Kinerja Pengelolaan Sampah. Diunduh di https://sipsn.menlhk.go.id/sipsn/public/data/capaian tanggal 18 Juli 2023.
Kollmuss, A., & Agyeman, J. (2002). Mind the Gap: Why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior? Environmental Education Research, 8(3), 239–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350462022014540.
Magrini, C., D’Addato, F., & Bonoli, A. (2020). Municipal solid waste prevention: A review of market-based instruments in six European Union countries. Waste Management and Research, 38(1_suppl), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X19894622.
Martin, G., & Pear, J. (2019). Behavior Modification : What It Is and How to Do It. 11th Edition. In Oncology: An Evidence-Based Approach (11th ed.). New York: Routledge.
Minelgaitė, A., & Liobikienė, G. (2019). The problem of not waste sorting behaviour, comparison of waste sorters and non-sorters in European Union: Cross-cultural analysis. Science of the Total Environment, 672, 174–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.342.
Nelles, M., Grünes, J., & Morscheck, G. (2016). Waste Management in Germany – Development to a Sustainable Circular Economy? Procedia Environmental Sciences, 35, 6–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2016.07.001.
Olay-Romero, E., Turcott-Cervantes, D. E., Hernández-Berriel, M. del C., Lobo-García de Cortázar, A., Cuartas-Hernández, M., & de la Rosa-Gómez, I. (2020). Technical indicators to improve municipal solid waste management in developing countries: A case in Mexico. Waste Management, 107, 201–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.039.
Pemerintah Indonesia. (2008). Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah. Diunduh di https://doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v28i1.337 tanggal 18 Juli 2023.
Probowati, Y., & Priyambudi, S. (2022). Pemberdayaan Ibu-Ibu Rumah Tangga Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Berbasis Ekonomi Kemasyarakatan Di Pondok Benowo Indah. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional. 5, 1–6. http://prosiding-pkmcsr.org/index.php/pkmcsr/article/view/1550%0Ahttps://prosiding-pkmcsr.org/index.php/pkmcsr/article/download/1550/899.
Rajiani, I., & Pypłacz, P. (2018). National culture as modality in managing the carbon economy in southeast Asia. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 18(1), 296–310. https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2018.18.1.22.
Rifayanti, R., Saputri, A., Arake, A. K., & Astuti, W. (2018). Peran Role Model dalam Membentuk Perilaku Pro-Lingkungan. Psikostudia: Jurnal Psikologi, 7(2), 2302–2582.
Sarwono, S. W. (2014). Psikologi Lintas Budaya (1st ed.). Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada.
Sasoko, D. M., & Mahrudi, I. (2023). Bank Sampah, Budaya Memilah dan Mewujudkan Integrasi Ekonomi dan Lingkungan yang Sustainable (Studi tentang Penanganan Sampah Rumah Tangga di RW 07 Komplek Perumahan BDN-Rangkapan Jaya Baru-Pancoran Mas-Kota Depok). Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling, 5(1), 154–166. https://www.rumah.com/panduan-properti/bank-sampah-63229.
Sasoko, D. M., Zubaidah, I., Hajar, S., Mahrudi, I., & Aishy, D. (2022). Budaya Memilah Sampah Sebagai Alternatif Penanganan Problem Sampah dan Perspektif Nilai Ekonomi. Jurnal Pulomas, 1(1). http://repo.jayabaya.ac.id/1921/1/DERAJAT%2B%281%29.pdf.
Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2016). Teori Kepribadian. 10th ed. Jakarta : EGC.
Sukerti, N. L. G., Sudarma, I. M., & Pujaastawa, I. B. . (2017). Perilaku Masyarakat Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Dan Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Di Kecamatan Denpasar Timur Kota Denpasar, Provinsi Bali. ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science), 11(2), 148. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2017.v11.i02.p05.
UBA. (2016). Waste types. Diunduh di https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/topics/waste-resources/waste-management/waste-types tanggal 18 Juli 2023.
Wesselink, R., Blok, V., & Ringersma, J. (2017). Pro-environmental behaviour in the workplace and the role of managers and organisation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 168, 1679–1687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.214.
Xia, Z., Zhang, S., Tian, X., & Liu, Y. (2021). Resources , Conservation & Recycling Understanding waste sorting behavior and key influencing factors through internet of things : Evidence from college student community. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 174(July), 105775. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105775.
Zakianis, Sabarinah, & Djaja, I. M. (2017). The Importance of Waste Management Knowledge to Encourage Household Waste-Sorting Behaviour in Indonesia. International Journal of Waste Resources, 07(04). https://doi.org/10.4172/2252-5211.1000309.
Zhang, H., Liu, J., Wen, Z. guo, & Chen, Y. X. (2017). College students’ municipal solid waste source separation behavior and its influential factors: A case study in Beijing, China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 164, 444–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.224.
Zhou, G., Gu, Y., Wu, Y., Gong, Y., Mu, X., Han, H., & Chang, T. (2020). A systematic review of the deposit-refund system for beverage packaging: Operating mode, key parameter and development trend. Journal of Cleaner Production, 251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119660.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/antro.v9i2.48970
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 343 timesPDF - 413 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License