Pergulatan Identitas Diaspora Komunitas Toraja-Kristen di Tawau Malaysia
Abstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang pergulatan identitas diaspora Toraja di Sabah Malaysia. Diaspora Toraja di Malaysia merupakan kelompok minoritas di Kota Tawau negara bagian Sabah Malaysia. Malaysia sebagai negara dengan mayoritas muslim banyak memberlakukan aturan-aturan yang bernuansa Muslim. Oleh sebab itu, penulis meneliti bagaimana komunitas diaspora Toraja yang minoritas bergulat dengan identitasnya sebagai suku Toraja yang berasal dari Indonesia dan beragama kristen di Kota Tawau. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif melalui studi lapangan dan pustaka dengan menggunakan perspektif Etnografi Baru. Penulis menggunakan konsep Stuart Hall tentang identitas kultural untuk menunjukan bagaimana pembentukan identitas terjadi karena dua hal. Pertama ada pemaknaan terhadap sejarah dan budaya yang sama. Kedua bagaimana komunitas tersebut bernegosiasi dengan kelompok yang lain. Penulis menemukan bahwa, orang-orang Toraja memiliki basis komunitas di Gereja Anglikan dan Basel di Tawau. Gereja Anglikan merupakan gereja pertama yang menjadi tempat komunitas Toraja, namun tidak menerima ketika orang Toraja melakukan ritus pada upacara kematian dalam hal ini badong karena dianggap berhala. Sedangkan Gereja Basel membuka ruang bagi orang Toraja untuk melakukan ritus kebudayaannya seperti mantunu dan ma’ badong. Orang- orang Toraja juga menggunakan simbol-simbol ke Torajaan dalam peribadatan sebagai imaji dari akar kebudayaan. Kesamaan dan akar sejarah memantik orang-orang Toraja di Tawau untuk bergabung di Gereja Anglikan dan Gereja Basel.
This research examines the identity struggles of the Toraja diaspora in Sabah Malaysia. The Toraja diaspora in Malaysia is a minority group in Tawau City, Sabah Malaysia. Malaysia as a Muslim-majority country imposes many Muslim rules. Therefore, the author examines how the minority Toraja diaspora community grapples with its identity as a Toraja tribe from Indonesia and Christian in Tawau City. This research uses qualitative research methods through field and literature studies using the New Ethnography perspective. The author uses Stuart Hall's concept of cultural identity to show how identity formation occurs because of two things. First, there is an interpretation of the same history and culture. Second, how the community negotiates with other groups. The author found that the Torajans have a community base in the Anglican and Basel Churches in Tawau. The Anglican Church is the first church that the Toraja community belongs to, but does not accept when Torajans perform rites at death ceremonies in this case badong because it is considered an idol. Meanwhile, the Basel Church opens space for Torajans to perform their cultural rites such as mantunu and ma' badong. Torajans also use Torajan symbols in worship as an image of cultural roots. The similarities and historical roots sparked the Toraja people in Tawau to join the Anglican Church and the Basel Church.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/antro.v10i1.63187
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