Anthropos: Jurnal Antropologi Sosial dan Budaya (Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology)
ISSN 2460-4585 (Cetak) | ISSN 2460-4593 (Online) Anthropos: Jurnal Antropologi Sosial dan Budaya(Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology) is a Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology for information and communication resources for academics, and observers of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Educational Social and Cultural Anthropology/Sociology, Methodology of Social and Cultural Anthropology/Sociology. The published paper is the result of research, reflection, and actual critical study with respect to the themes of Social and Cultural Anthropology/Sociology. All papers are blind peer-review. The scope of Anthropos is the Science of Social and Cultural Anthropology/Sociology. Published twice a year (Juli and January) and first published for print and online edition in July 2015 Anthropos: Jurnal Antropologi Sosial dan Budaya(Journal Of Social and Cultural Anthropology) is a journal for research and thought in the education and non-education of social sciences, is a best-partner national journal published twice a year in print and online by the Anthropology Education Program, Faculty of Social Sciences, University Negeri Medan, Indonesia. This statement explains the ethical behavior of all parties involved in publishing articles in ANTROPOS JOURNAL, including authors, editorial boards, best partners, and publishers. This statement is based on COPE's Best Practice.
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Perkawinan Marga Serumpun Narasaon dalam Masyarakat Batak Toba: Antara Larangan Adat dan Realitas Sosial
Penelitian ini menganalisis latar belakang perkawinan marga serumpun narasaon, pola relasi pasangan suami isteri perkawinan marga serumpun dan bentuk sanksi yang dialami suami isteri yang melangsungkan perkawinan marga serumpun di Desa Sigaol Barat. Penelitan ini menggunakan pendekatan dan metode kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam, pengamatan dan studi literatur. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui latar belakang perkawinan marga serumpun berkaitan dengan sejarah desa, komposisi demografis, kondisi geografis, kesamaan pekerjaan dan adanya chemistry pasangan. Pola perkawinan suami isteri marga serumpun naransaon berlangsung antara antara Manurung dengan Butar-Butar, Butar-Butar dengan Sirait, Sirait dengan Sitorus, Sitorus dengan Manurung, Sitorus dengan Butar-Butar, dan Manurung dengan Sirait. Perkawinan marga serumpun dalam adat Batak Toba diakui sebagai pelanggaran adat namun pelaksanaan sanksinya melemah dan tidak konsisten. Dahulu pasangan pelaku perkawinan semarga dijatuhi hukuman situtungon tu api sinong-nongon tu aek dan diparsirang. Hukuman serupa dewasa ini tidak dilaksanakan. Sanksi adat berupa pembayaran denda menyembelih horbo janngut dan horbo nabontar dilaksanakan terbatas dan tergantung kemampuan dan kesediaan pelakunya. Sanksi sosial pelarangam terlibat dalam acara adat dilaksanakan tidak konsisten, temporer dan kondisional. Lemahnya penegakan sanksi adat dan sanksi sosial berkaitan dengan keberadaan hukum adat yang kehilangan daya magisnya, sementara masyarakat berkembang dinamis yang disebabkan kemajuan pendidikan, terpaan komunikasi dan medsos yang intensif serta penetrasi modernisasi yang massif.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Kapasitas Petani Kopi Gayo Dalam Praktik Pasca Panen Kopi
Penelitian ini menganalisis kapasitas petani kopi Gayo dalam penerapan Good Handling Practices (GHP) pada praktik pascapanen dengan menyoroti pengaruh relasi sosial-ekonomi antara petani dan tauke sebagai faktor penentu dalam sistem produksi kopi di Aceh Tengah. Menggunakan kerangka capacity development (UNDP) dan konsep ekonomi moral petani (Scott), penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, serta studi dokumentasi di tiga desa, Bintang Kekelip, Blang Gele, dan Linung Bulen I, Kab. Aceh Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas petani bervariasi pada tiga tingkatan yaitu rendah, menengah, dan tinggi, di mana sebagian besar petani memahami GHP secara normatif namun terkendala oleh keterbatasan teknis, sarana pengolahan, dan tekanan ekonomi. Relasi antara petani dan tauke memperkuat ketergantungan struktural yang mendominasi harga, modal, dan akses pasar, sekaligus membatasi inovasi pascapanen. Meskipun demikian, ada petani yang menunjukkan potensi adaptif melalui eksperimen pengolahan dan pembelajaran mandiri. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa peningkatan mutu dan kapasitas petani kopi Gayo tidak hanya menuntut intervensi teknis, tetapi juga penguatan kelembagaan lokal, pendampingan berkelanjutan, dan transformasi relasi tauke–petani menuju kemitraan yang lebih adil dan partisipatif.
Kopi Gayo, Kapasitas Petani, Praktik Pasca Panen, Good Handling Practices (GHP), Relasi Petani–Tauke
Ojek Ummat sebagai Alternatif Kerja Publik bagi Perempuan Muslimah di Kota Medan
The development of online transportation in the current modern global era has created new needs for women as a means of safe mobility without violating Islamic law for adherents of Islam. There is an online motorcycle taxi in the cities of Medan and Binjai that is sharia and specifically for women, namely Ojek Ummat, commonly called Ojum. The presence of Ojek Ummat in Medan City offers a work space for Muslim women to participate economically and generate income without any mingling with non-mahram adult men. This study aims to determine the background of the emergence of Ojek Ummat, the profile and social phenomena of gender-economic-religion in society. This study uses a qualitative research method with an ethnographic approach through participatory observation, interviews, and documentation of Ojek Ummat owners, managers, partners and users of Ojek Ummat services with a total of 18 research informants. The results show that Ojek Ummat is a need for Muslim women in Medan City for online motorcycle taxis that are only driven by women and Ojek Ummat is the first pioneer of online motorcycle taxis for Muslim women in Medan City. Ojek Ummat serves as a women and child-friendly form of public transportation, as well as a platform for women's empowerment, with a flexible work system and Sharia principles. However, operational limitations, such as the lack of a dedicated app, impact the effectiveness of Ojek Ummat's services.
Peran Pecalang dalam Memelihara Pluralitas Beragama di Pulau Lombok
Religious plurality has the highest positive-negative potential among several aspects of plurality that exist. This is inseparable from the multifaces of religion. This paper aims to explore the role of Pecalang in maintaining religious plurality on Lombok Island by focusing on three problem formulations, namely: how Pecalang are in religious plurality on Lombok Island, how Pecalang as a minority group and the face of plurality on Lombok Island, and how Pecalang maintain religious plurality on Lombok Island. This paper is based on qualitative research with data sources from the Sasak and Balinese communities on Lombok Island. The data obtained through the interview method were then interpreted using Talcott Parsons' structural functional theory. The results of the analysis show that Pecalang as a task force that is traditionally a Balinese Hindu culture in the midst of the Sasak Muslim community is a fact of religious plurality on Lombok Island. Pecalang as a Balinese Hindu minority group living in the midst of the Sasak Muslim majority tries to maintain or safeguard the peace, security and stability of religious plurality on Lombok Island. This can be seen from how Pecalang adapts, sets shared social goals, integrates or cooperates with other community groups, and maintains stability by conducting "dialogue" with other religious groups. Given the importance of plurality stability in the midst of community life, studies related to plurality in society need to be developed. This is done in order to maintain community stability and identify problems that have not been identified.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Praktik Sapa-Menyapa Kekerabatan (Studi Etnografi pada Masyarakat Dusun Cibitung, Kabupaten Cilacap)
This research aimed to describe the diversity in the usage of kinship terms in relative address practice by Cibitung society, Karanggedang Village, Sidareja District, Cilacap Regency, Central Java. Qualitative methods with ethnographic design and data collection techniques of non-participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and literature studies were used to explore the terms of reference, term of address, kinship terms usage in kinship and non-kinship events, diversity of address terms and the underlying factors of that. Based on the field research results, it was found that in practice the term kinship can be used to greet relative and non-relative. Then, there are as many as 112 terms of address used to greet 19 categories of relative. This diversity is shown through differences in the application of kinship terms by the older generation (G+1, G+2) and the younger generation (G 0). Basically, the emergence of these various terms does not occur by itself, but is caused by several factors, such as: the development of the times, usage of other languages, social structures, migration culture, and exogamous marriages.
Transformation of Ma’pasilaga Tedong Gambling: Social And Economic Transformation In Toraja Cemetery Traditions
In Tana Toraja and North Toraja, rambu solo’ is not only a funeral ceremony, but also reflects significant social changes. This article describes the transformation in Torajan society that is evident in the rambu solo’ ceremony. One interesting element is the buffalo fight (ma’pasilaga. tedong), which is now the main attraction in this ritual. This study was conducted using ethnographic methods. The study relied on participant observation and in-depth interviews. The results showed that each buffalo fight not only arouses the atmosphere, but also involves an increasingly growing element of gambling. In traditional practice, buffalo fights are held to entertain grieving families, adding meaning to the ritual. However, in recent times, gambling arenas have emerged in the ceremony, with betting on the outcome of the fights becoming commonplace. Ma’pasilaga tedong, conventional gambling, remains and attracts attention amid the increasing popularity of online gambling. This transformation shows how rambu solo’ has evolved into more than just a funeral ceremony, but also a new social and economic arena. As the Ma’pasilaga tedong arena and gambling become more dominant, this creates a new cultural mark in Torajan funeral traditions.
Acculturation Orientation of Post-Millennial Generation in Java: Harmonizing Local Culture and Global Modernity
The collision between modernity and local cultural values often emerges. This research aims to empirically investigate the distinction of acculturation orientation between modernity caused by global culture and traditional Javanese values among the post-millennial Javanese generation. This is descriptive-quantitative research involving the Javanese post-millennial generation with the year of birth between 1997 and 2009 sampled through purposive sampling. The research instrument is the Vancouver Index of Acculturation that has been contextualized by the research. The results show that there is a variety of acculturation orientation types among the Javanese post-millennial generation: 88,4% is in the integration orientation group, 6,4% is in the separation orientation group, 3,5% is in the assimilation orientation group, and 1,7% is in the marginalization orientation group. Moreover, there are research findings differentiated based on the respondents’ sex and place of origin.
Pergulatan Identitas Diaspora Komunitas Toraja- Kristen di Tawau Malaysia
This research examines the identity struggles of the Toraja diaspora in Sabah Malaysia. The Toraja diaspora in Malaysia is a minority group in Tawau City, Sabah Malaysia. Malaysia as a Muslim-majority country imposes many Muslim rules. Therefore, the author examines how the minority Toraja diaspora community grapples with its identity as a Toraja tribe from Indonesia and Christian in Tawau City. This research uses qualitative research methods through field and literature studies using the New Ethnography perspective. The author uses Stuart Hall's concept of cultural identity to show how identity formation occurs because of two things. First, there is an interpretation of the same history and culture. Second, how the community negotiates with other groups. The author found that the Torajans have a community base in the Anglican and Basel Churches in Tawau. The Anglican Church is the first church that the Toraja community belongs to, but does not accept when Torajans perform rites at death ceremonies in this case badong because it is considered an idol. Meanwhile, the Basel Church opens space for Torajans to perform their cultural rites such as mantunu and ma' badong. Torajans also use Torajan symbols in worship as an image of cultural roots. The similarities and historical roots sparked the Toraja people in Tawau to join the Anglican Church and the Basel Church.
Menguak Budaya Curhat: Studi Perbandingan Self-disclosure pada Budaya Individualistik dan Kolektivis
Confiding is a communication process in which someone opens up and shares their feelings, experiences or personal problems with other people. Through a psychological approach, this research discusses the phenomenon of confiding as a form of self-disclosure, where individuals voluntarily open themselves up to seek emotional support and understanding from others. Focusing on comparing individualistic and collectivistic cultures, this research discusses differences in confiding in countries with different cultures, such as America (individualist) and Indonesia (collectivist). Culture greatly influences the type of confiding, where in individualistic countries, confiding tends to be more open about personal problems, while in collectivistic countries, confiding is more related to social norms and group harmony. This research also looks at the positive impacts of self-disclosure, including emotional support, and stress management. In conclusion, confiding is not only a communication practice, but also a reflection of the complexity of social interactions in different cultural contexts.
Roppo dan Sandeq: Budaya Maritim dan Identitas Masyarakat Adat Suku Mandar di Sulawesi Barat
Indonesia is the largest maritime country in the world, one of its regions is West Sulawesi. In this region, the Mandar tribe lives, the majority of whose people work as sailors. The culture or local wisdom of the Mandar tribe, namely roppo and sandeq, is a maritime culture and identity of the Mandar tribe. The purpose of this research is to explain the local wisdom of roppo and sandeq as a maritime culture and identity of the Mandar tribe of West Sulawesi. This research is a qualitative research with a case study method that comes from various sources of books, articles and so on about roppo and sandeq in the Mandar tribe of West Sulawesi. The results of this study are (1) roppo and sandeq are the maritime culture of the Mandar tribe because the Mandar region is a maritime region, (2) roppo and sandeq become the identity of the Mandar tribe's indigenous people because the characteristics of the Mandar people are dubbed as "Ulung Sailors" or tough sailors in sailing the seas and roppo sandeq becomes a tool for the Mandar people when going to sea and catching fish, (3) roppo and sandeq are cultures based on tools or technology for fishing, sailing and catching fish that are environmentally friendly because they use tools and materials that utilize nature so that they can preserve the marine ecosystem.
Dinamika Budaya dan Ekonomi dalam Perawatan Lansia Ketergantungan pada Masyarakat Minangkabau
The Indonesian government has developed an elderly care program through Posyandu Lansia, a community-based health service at the lowest administrative level. However, this program tends to overlook the cultural and economic dynamics that influence medical treatment for dependent elderly individuals. This article examines the relationship between culture and economy in the medical treatment choices of dependent elderly individuals. The research employs an ethnographic method, collecting data through observations, in-depth interviews, kinship diagrams, and life history analysis. Informants were selected using purposive sampling, consisting of dependent elderly individuals and informal caregivers. The data were analyzed descriptively through case studies of dependent elderly individuals. The findings reveal that elderly medical treatment is carried out simultaneously through both traditional and modern medicine. Dependent elderly individuals are often labeled as suffering from sakit tuo (old-age illness). This term has dual meanings: it refers both to the socioeconomic condition of the elderly, who are no longer able to engage in social and economic activities and therefore require family care, and to the physical and psychological health deterioration that occurs with aging, which is treated using both traditional and modern medicine. Economically disadvantaged dependent elderly individuals can only access medical treatment from midwives and community health centers puskesmas, as these services are relatively low-cost. In contrast, wealthier elderly individuals can afford private medical practitioners and hospital treatment. This disparity makes impoverished elderly individuals more vulnerable in receiving adequate care in the future.
Konstruksi Sosial atas Kesempatan Kerja: Studi Kasus Peran Dinas Tenaga Kerja di Kabupaten Asahan
The unemployment rate in Asahan Regency, North Sumatra, remains above the national average despite a numerical downward trend. This study analyzes the role of the Asahan Regency Manpower Office in expanding employment opportunities, focusing on the social construction of labor policy. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and a review of policy documents and BPS statistics. The findings reveal that although the Manpower Office has implemented job placement programs, competency training, and the Employment Information System (SIKAS), its effectiveness is hindered by three main factors: (1) a mismatch between training programs and industry needs, (2) limited dissemination of the SIKAS digital platform (only 30% of the workforce is aware of it), and (3) budget constraints (Rp120–150 million per year) and limited human resources (only 30% of employees meet functional criteria). Key findings indicate that while 86.4% of training participants (2022) obtained certification, only 49.7% were absorbed into the labor market, with the majority being unemployed individuals with high school (28.3%) and elementary school (31.5%) education. This disparity reflects a failure in bridging the skills mismatch. Meanwhile, job placements increased from 410 (2020) to 963 (2022), but this growth was reactive to global market demands rather than the result of systematic planning. In terms of communication, minimal collaboration with local media has led to information gaps, preventing outreach to vulnerable groups. This study recommends a policy reorientation by aligning training curricula with industry demands, intensifying SIKAS dissemination through community collaboration, and strengthening the institutional capacity.
Dinamika Sosial dalam Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Sekolah: Studi Kasus di SMA Negeri 1 Deli Tua
This study aims to analyze the social dynamics (actor relations, power structures, and norms) in the management of school libraries and their impact on the implementation of the School Literacy Movement (Gerakan Literasi Sekolah/GLS) at SMA Negeri 1 Deli Tua. The research employs a qualitative approach with an intrinsic case study design. Data were collected through triangulation methods: participant observation, in-depth interviews (with the principal, head librarian, teachers, and students), and policy document analysis. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was guided by the framework of social practice theory. The findings reveal that social dynamics—particularly centralized power, role conflicts, and conservative norms—have created a disjuncture between national policy (Permendikbud No. 23/2015) and field-level practice. Transforming school libraries requires a restructuring of power relations, strengthening of human resource capacity, and the integration of context-based multiliteracies. The impact of the GLS implementation remains suboptimal, as evidenced by incidental literacy practices and digital transformation hindered by staff technophobia.
Manfaat Melukat Dalam Kebudayaan Bali Pada Perspektif Psikologi
Melukat adalah bagian dari pelaksanaan upacara manusa yadnya, yang bertujuan untuk membersihkan dan menyucikan individu secara fisik dan spiritual dengan menggunakan air. Tujuannya adalah untuk membersihkan segala hal negatif dan menghilangkan dampak buruk dari tindakan-tindakan masa lalu yang masih memengaruhi kita sekarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur, yaitu metode penelitian yang mengutamakan penelusuran pustaka, seperti buku-buku, artikel berita dan jurnal dan pendekatan psikologi indigenous digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan tentang budaya melukat dan karakteristiknya yang asli. Proses ritual melukat diyakini bisa menyembuhkan luka batin maupun trauma yang dialami oleh individu tersebut akibat masa lalu dengan menggunakan air. Melakukan melukat biasanya dalam setahun 2-3x atau setiap 6 bulan sekali, hal tersebut tergantung situasi setiap individu. Melukat dilakukan saat hari raya Bali, seperti di hari raya galungan, rahinan, kuningan, hari ulang tahun Bali, hari purnama atau tilem, siwaratri dan masih banyak lagi. Temuan data menunjukkan hanya ada beberapa dimensi psychological well-being yang menggambarkan individu setelah melukat. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa manfaat melukat apa yang dirasakan oleh setiap individu tergantung pada tujuan awal sebelum prosesi ritual melukat. Melukat is part of the manusa yadnya ceremony, which aims to cleanse and purify individuals physically and spiritually using water. The goal is to cleanse all negativity and eliminate the adverse effects of past actions that still affect us today. The method used is literature study, which is a research method that prioritizes literature search, such as books, news articles and journals and indigenous psychology approaches are used to answer questions about melukat culture and its original characteristics. The ritual process of melukat is believed to heal mental wounds and trauma experienced by the individual due to the past by using water. Doing hugging is usually in a year 2-3x or every 6 months, it depends on the situation of each individual. Melukat is done during Balinese holidays, such as galungan, rahinan, kuningan, Balinese birthday, full moon or tilem, siwaratri and many more. The data findings suggest there are only a few dimensions of psychological well-being that describe individuals after injury. This shows that the benefits of what each individual feels depends on the initial goal before the ritual procession.
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Manuba: Praktik Pemanfaatan Alam Berkelanjutan pada Masyarakat Mandailing di Desa Hajoran Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan praktik memanfaatkan alam secara berkelanjutan melalui ritual manuba pada masyarakat Mandailing di Desa Hajoran Kecamatan Sungai Kanan. Fokus studi memperlihatkan bagaimana praktik pendidikan memanfaatkan alam dan hubungannya dengan keberlanjutan ekologi melalui ritual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan pengamatan berperan serta tentang isu yang diteliti selama penelitian berlangsung di lapangan. Informan dipilih dari kalangan tokoh adat, pemuka masyarakat dan agama, serta masyarakat Desa Hajoran pada konteks studi. Studi ini menemukan bahwa masyarakat Hajoran mengenal ritual manuba di mana praktik ini mengajarkan pesan bagaimana manusia mengelola dan memanfaatkan alam, khususnya sungai, secara terbatas dan berkelanjutan dengan tetap memperhatikan kelestarian ekologi. Studi menunjukkan bahwa ritual manuba fungsional dan dipertahankan dalam kaitannya dengan praktik pengelolaan alam secara keberlanjutan. Praktik ritual ini menanamkan nilai-nilai pendidikan bahwa masyarakat mesti mampu memanfaatkan, mengelola serta melestarikan alam dengan baik tanpa harus merusak ekologi sungai. Alam mesti dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk menaikkan kualitas kehidupan masa sekarang dan masa yang akan datang. This research aims to describe the practice of using nature sustainably through the manuba ritual in the Mandailing community in Hajoran Village, Sungai Kanan District. The focus of the study shows how educational practices utilize nature and its relationship with ecological sustainability through rituals. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interview techniques, documentation, and participant observation regarding the issues studied during the research in the field. Informants were selected from among traditional leaders, community and religious leaders, as well as the Hajoran Village community in the study context. This study found that the Hajoran people know the manuba ritual where this practice teaches the message of how humans manage and utilize nature, especially rivers, in a limited and sustainable manner while still paying attention to ecological sustainability. Studies show that manuba rituals are functional and maintained in relation to sustainable nature management practices. This ritual practice instills educational values that people must be able to utilize, manage and preserve nature well without having to damage the river ecology. Society must use nature to improve the quality of life now and in the future.
Keseimbangan Peran Purusha dan Pradana: Kajian Teoritis Kesetaraan Gender di Bali
Perkembangan budaya Bali dilandasi oleh nilai-nilai agama Hindu, yang seharusnya menciptakan keselarasan antara tradisi dan ajaran keagamaan. Kenyataan budaya patriarki di Bali, terutama dalam hal sistem waris dan struktur kekerabatan, menunjukkan ketidaksetaraan gender yang masih berlangsung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review untuk menggali perbedaan antara ajaran agama Hindu yang menekankan kesetaraan peran antara laki-laki dan perempuan dengan realitas budaya patriarki di Bali. Analisis difokuskan pada aspek hukum waris, peluang karir, partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan, dan akses pendidikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, meskipun ada peningkatan kesetaraan dalam pendidikan, ketidaksetaraan gender masih terasa dalam aspek-aspek lainnya. Perempuan Bali mengalami keterbatasan dalam mengambil bagian dalam pengambilan keputusan, terutama dalam konteks adat istiadat. Pada sektor karir, upah perempuan masih jauh dari setara dengan laki-laki. Kesenjangan ini menciptakan ketidakcocokan antara ajaran agama Hindu yang menegaskan kesetaraan gender dan realitas budaya Bali yang masih dipengaruhi oleh pola pikir patriarki. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya perubahan norma-norma budaya Bali untuk sejalan dengan ajaran agama Hindu yang menganjurkan kesetaraan peran antara laki-laki dan perempuan. The development of Bali's culture is grounded in the values of Hinduism, which ideally should create harmony between tradition and religious teachings. The reality of patriarchal culture in Bali, particularly in terms of inheritance systems and kinship structures, indicates gender inequality that still persists. This research employs a literature review method to explore the disparities between Hindu teachings emphasizing gender equality and the patriarchal cultural reality in Bali. The analysis focuses on aspects of inheritance laws, career opportunities, participation in decision-making, and access to education. The research findings indicate that, despite improvements in educational equality, gender disparities are still evident in other aspects. Balinese women face limitations in participating in decision-making, particularly in customary contexts. In the career sector, women's wages still lag far behind those of men. This gap creates a mismatch between Hindu teachings that emphasize gender equality and the cultural reality in Bali that remains influenced by patriarchal attitudes. The study underscores the importance of changing Bali's cultural norms to align with Hindu teachings advocating for gender equality.
Eksistensi Sistem Tenurial Tradisional Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar Menghadapi Deagrarianisasi
Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar merupakan masyarakat yang sebagian besar mengusahakan pertanian. Tanah pertanian menjadi penopang kehidupan yang sangat penting bagi mereka. Meskipun demikian, pada tahun 2001 sampai dengan 2022, terjadi perubahan lahan pertanian secara drastis menjadi permukiman dan homestay. Berkurangnya lahan pertanian merupakan gejala deagrarianisasi yang bisa menjadi ancaman serius bagi Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan eksistensi sistem tenurial tradisional Masyarakat Adat Ciptagelar di tengah ancaman deagrarianisasi akibat alih fungsi lahan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode etnografi cepat. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipasi dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan melakukan visualisasi lanskap dan kategorisasi praktik budaya pertanian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa deagrarianisasi tidak mengubah sistem tenurial tradisional Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar. Dari empat gejala yang menandai terjadinya deagrarianisasi yaitu: dislokasi nafkah, penurunan kemampuan untuk berswasembada pangan dan memenuhi kebutuhan dasar, dis-eksistensi agraris, dan relokasi spasial, hanya relokasi spasial yang ditemukan. Situasi ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem tenurial tradisional Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar masih lestari dan masih memberikan jaminan keberlanjutan bagi generasi berikutnya. Cipta Gelar Indigenous Community is a community that mostly practices agriculture. Agricultural land is a ver important life support for them. However, from 2001 to 2022, there was a drastic change in agricultural land into residential areas and homestays. The reduction in agricultural land is a symptom of deagrarianization which could be a serious threat to the Cipta Gelar Indigenous Community. This article aims to explain the existence of the traditional tenure system of the Ciptagelar Indigenous Community amidst the threat of deagrarianization due to land conversion. This research was conducted using rapid ethnographic methods. Data collection techniques were carried out through participant observation and interviews. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively by visualizing the landscape and categorizing agricultural cultural practices. The research results show that deagrarianization does not change the traditional tenure system of the Cipta Gelar Indigenous People. Of the four symptoms that mark the occurrence of deagrarianization, namely: dislocation of livelihood, decreased ability to be self-sufficient in food and fulfill basic needs, agrarian dis-existence, and spatial relocation, only spatial relocation was found. This situation shows that the traditional tenure system of the Cipta Gelar Indigenous People is still sustainable and still provides a guarantee of continuity for the next generation.
Akses Lapangan Pekerjaan Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Di Kota Medan
Penyandang disabilitas masih banyak yang tidak dapat memiliki akses atau kesempatan seperti masyarakat non-disabilitas lainnya, salah satunya akses dalam memperoleh pekerjaan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran pemerintah dalam mengupayakan ketersediaan akses lapangan pekerjaan bagi penyandang disabilitas di Kota Medan serta untuk melihat apa saja yang menjadi faktor penghambat tersedianya lapangan pekerjaan bagi penyandang disabilitas baik dari sektor pemerintah maupun swasta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, FGD, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, masih terdapat permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh para disabilitas untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan. Diperlukan pemberdayaan masyarakat penyandang disabilitas guna meningkatkan skill dan kemampuan para disabilitas dengan tujuan dapat mencari pekerjaaan sesuai dengan keahlian para disabilitas, sangat dibutuhkan data berdasarkan jenis kedisabilitasan serta keahlian para disabilitas. Disamping itu perlu sosialisasi tentang kebijakan/ program dari Pererintah Kota Medan untuk pencari kerja disabilitas. There are still many people with disabilities who do not have access or opportunities like other non-disabled people, one of them is access to employment. The study aims to analyze the role of the government in ensuring the availability of access to employment for people with disabilities in Medan City and to see what factors hinder the availability of employment for people with disabilities, both from the government and private sectors. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were carried out using interviews, FGD, observation and documentation. Based on these conditions, there are still problems faced by people with disabilities in getting work. It is necessary to empower people with disabilities to improve the skills and abilities of people with disabilities with the aim of being able to find work according to the skills of people with disabilities. Data is really needed based on the type of disability and the skills of people with disabilities. Apart from that, there is a need to socialize policies/programs from the Medan City Government for job seekers with disabilities.
Produksi Ruang pada Makam Kembang Kuning sebagai Tempat Lokalisasi Waria Surabaya
Sebuah wilayah bernama Kembang Kuning di Surabaya mulanya dikenal sebagai daerah sakral karena di dalamnya terdapat Masjid dan Pondok Pesantren yang dibangun oleh Sunan Ampel. Di sisi lain, Kembang Kuning turut dikenal sebagai wilayah pemakaman bagi pemeluk agama Kristen dan Katolik. Namun, seiring berjalannya waktu terdapat anggapan œnegatif ketika menyebut nama Kembang Kuning, yang kini disebut sebagai salah satu tempat prostitusi bagi kalangan waria. Untuk itu, penelitian ini disusun dengan tujuan menganalisis produksi ruang pada makam Kembang Kuning sebagai tempat lokalisasi waria Surabaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif yang dibarengi dengan penggunaan teori ruang atau space yang disampaikan oleh Lefebvre. Peneliti turut melakukan wawancara dengan waria dan masyarakat sekitar Kembang Kuning. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kehadiran Kembang Kuning sebagai sebuah wilayah telah menghasilkan œruang baru yang berbeda. Artinya, terjadi pergeseran makna akibat proses produksi-reproduksi, di mana sebelumnya Kembang Kuning dianggap sebagai wilayah sakral, tetapi kini dikenal sebagai daerah kumuh dan tempat prostitusi. Oleh sebab itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa representasi ruang atas Kembang Kuning telah berbeda dari masa ke masa. Tentu hal ini dilandasi oleh realita kemasyarakatan dan gejala sosial yang timbul, yang turut membentuk wilayah tersebut sebagai sebuah ruang yang tidak hampa hingga mewujudkan pemaknaan baru yang tidak sama. An area called Kembang Kuning in Surabaya was originally known as a sacred area because it contained a mosque and Islamic boarding school built by Sunan Ampel. Kembang Kuning is also known as a burial area for Christians and Catholics. However, as time went by, there was a "negative" perception of the area, which is now said to be a place of prostitution for transgender people. This research was prepared with the aim of analyzing the production of space at the Kembang Kuning tomb as a place for the localization of transgender women in Surabaya. The research method used is qualitative combined with the use of space theory presented by Lefebvre. Researchers also conducted interviews with shemale and the community around Kembang Kuning. The research results show that the presence of Kembang Kuning as an area has produced a new "space" related to the shift in meaning due to the production-reproduction process, where previously Kembang Kuning, which was known as a sacred area, is now referred to as a slum area and place of prostitution. Therefore, it can be concluded that the spatial representation of Kembang Kuning has been different from time to time. Of course, this is based on social realities and emerging social phenomena, which help shape the region as a space that is not empty and creates new, different meaningKeywords: kembang kuning, funerals, prostitution, shemale.
Peranan Yayasan Kasih Anak Kanker Indonesia Semarang dalam Mendukung Pengobatan Anak Penderita Kanker dan Keluarga
Yayasan Kasih Anak Kanker Indonesia Semarang sebagai simbol kepedulian terhadap isu kesehatan hadir dalam rangka membantu keluarga pra sejahtera dengan anak pengidap kanker.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merinci peran Yayasan tersebut dalam mendukung keluarga anak-anak penderita kanker, menyoroti aspek-aspek budaya dan sosial. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan observasi dan wawancara yang mendalam terhadap para staff dan guru YKAKI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Yayasan Kasih Anak Kanker Indonesia (YKAKI) memainkan peran krusial dalam mendukung keluarga prasejahtera yang memiliki anak penderita kanker. Analisis program dan layanan yang disediakan di œRumah Kita dan œSekolah-Ku mengungkap kontribusi signifikan Yayasan ini dalam aspek emosional dan sosial. Studi ini menyoroti pentingnya dukungan komunitas dan jaringan sosial dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan pasien dan keluarga mereka. Temuan ini merekomendasikan agar YKAKI Semarang terus memperkuat perannya dalam menyediakan dukungan yang holistik dan komprehensif bagi keluarga prasejahtera dari seluruh Indonesia selama masa perawatan dan pengobatan di YKAKI Semarang. Yayasan Kasih Anak Kanker Indonesia Semarang as a symbol of concern for health issues, it is present in order to help underprivileged families with children suffering from cancer. This research aims to detail the role of the Foundation in supporting families of children suffering from cancer, highlighting cultural and social aspects. This research design uses qualitative methods with in-depth observations and interviews with YKAKI staff and teachers. The research results show that the Indonesian Cancer Children's Love Foundation (YKAKI) plays a crucial role in supporting underprivileged families who have children with cancer. An analysis of the programs and services provided at œRumah Kita and œSekolah-Ku reveals the Foundation's significant contribution in emotional and social aspects. This study highlights the importance of community support and social networks in improving the well-being of patients and their families. These findings recommend that YKAKI Semarang continues to strengthen its role in providing holistic and comprehensive support for underprivileged families from all over Indonesia during the care and treatment period at YKAKI Semarang.
Tetap Muda Tanpa Menjadi Orang Tua: Melihat Childfree dalam Wacana Awet Muda di Media Sosial
Era modern telah menyumbang semakin banyak tekanan karena perhitungan materialistis dan psikologis. Hal ini dilakukan guna mendapatkan kualitas hidup yang layak dan sejahtera, bahkan di usia tua sekalipun. Modernitas merekonstruksi usia sebagai fenomena kultural, bukan biologis. Orang-orang berlomba untuk tetap berada di usia muda, dan salah satu yang dilakukan adalah menghindari kepemilikan anak yang dianggap punya resiko dan potensi besar kedepannya. Anak dalam hal ini disubjektifikasi dalam nilai tertentu, sehingga orang-orang menghindarinya untuk menjaga kesejahteraan dan tetap dalam diri yang œawet muda. Penelitian ini akan melihat bagaimana wacana awet muda melebur dalam pilihan seseorang yang tidak memiliki anak (childfree) dengan melakukan observasi digital di media sosial Instagram. Dari pengamatan ini, ditemukan bahwa wacana awet muda membawa pemahaman baru dalam melihat orang tua dan nilai anak meski dalam prakteknya gerakan ini masih mengalami banyak pertentangan. Meski demikian, ruang digital telah meleburkan citra-citra semu tentang awet muda dalam gerakan childfree dan melihatnya sebagai realitas nyata dari dirinya. The modern era has contributed to a lot of pressure due to materialistic and psychological consideration. This is aimed at obtaining a decent and prosperous quality of life, even in old age. Modernity reconstructs age as a cultural rather that biological phenomenon. People compete to stay young, and one way to achieve this is to avoid having children who are assumed having a great risks and potentials in the future. Children in this case are subjectified in a certain value, so people avoid them to maintain well-being and stay in a œageless self. This research will look at how the discourse of agelessness melts into the choice of someone who does not having children (childfree) by conducting digital observation on social media Instagram. From this observation, its found that the ageless discourse brings a new understanding in seeing parents and value of the children even though in practice this movement still experiences a lot of opposition. However, the digital space has dissolved the false images of youth in the childfree movement and seen it as the real reality of self.
Robhong Holo: Migrasi, Diferensiasi Kebudayaan dan Deteriorasi pada Cagar Alam Pegunungan Cycloop di Kabupaten Jayapura
Kerusakan lingkungan merupakan fenomena global yang saat ini sedang dihadapi oleh seluruh umat manusia sebagai akibat dari pertumbuhan penduduk yang tidak terkendali dan terbatasnya sumber daya alam yang tersedia. Salah satu faktor utama yang mendukung terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan adalah migrasi dan perbedaan budaya antara pendatang dan penduduk asli yang menempati wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnograf. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan secara antropologis hubungan antara populasi pendatang dari Pegunungan Tengah Papua yang memiliki konstruksi budaya yang berbeda dengan masyarakat Sentani di wilayah Sentani, Kabupaten Jayapura, yang menyebabkan perbedaan konsepsi pemanfaatan lahan. Para Migran memiliki model ekonomi tradisional perladangan berpindah dengan cara membabat dan membakar daerah potensial yang adalah hutan, berdampak signifikan terhadap perubahan lanskap dan deteriorasi lingkungan yang terjadi di daerah pegunungan Cycloop. Dampak dari pemanfaatan lahan yang berlebihan di kawasan cagar alam ini menyebabkan perubahan bentang alam dan kerusakan lingkungan, yang manifestasinya terlihat pada bencana banjir bandang di tahun 2019. Environmental degradation is a global phenomenon that is currently being faced by all mankind as a result of uncontrolled population growth and limited natural resources available. One of the main factors supporting environmental deterioration is migration and cultural differentiation of migrants and indigenous people who occupy the area. This research is qualitative research with an ethnographic approach This article aims to describe anthropologically the relationship between population migration from the Central Mountains of Papua who have different cultural constructions and the Sentani people in the Sentani area, Jayapura Regency, which causes differences in conceptions of land use. Migrants have a traditional economic model of shifting cultivation by clearing and burning potential forest areas, which has a significant impact on landscape changes and environmental deterioration that occurs in the Cycloop mountain area. The impact of excessive land use in this nature reserve area has caused landscape changes and environmental deterioration, the manifestation of which was seen in the flash flood disaster in 2019.
Hiduik Mamakai and Early Marriage: A Means of Gender Identity for Gambir Peasant Women
We want to explain about the lifestyle philosophy of "hiduik mamakai" to the gambir farming community in Minangkabau. The philosophy of hiduik mamakai is the basis for the Minangkabau community of gambir farmers towards the occurrence of early marriage. The philosophy of hiduik mamakai is a view of life regarding the existence of matter used for the pleasure of life. This philosophy also developed as a basis for the Minangkabau community of gambir farmers in carrying out social activities, one of which is marriage. The philosophy of hiduik mamakai has a correlationality to the phenomenon of early marriage in the Minangkabau community of gambir farmers. Some cases of early marriage in gambir farming communities are initiated by the idea that stability can be obtained through marriage even though they are not at the right age or mentality. This is because there is a belief that after marriage there will be a "safe realm" for women to be able to live a lifestyle of "hiduik mamakai". The results of this research indicate that there is a correlational relationship between early marriage and the philosophy of "hiduik mamakai." The philosophy of "hiduik mamakai" is one of the influencing factors, although it is not the sole cause of the phenomenon of early marriage. The causal relationship between these two domains is correlational, not causal. There is no guarantee that the disappearance of the "hiduik mamakai" philosophy will reduce the rate of early marriages. What occurs is that the concept of "hiduik mamakai" philosophy affects the phenomenon of early marriage in a mutually correlating relationship. While it is not the only factor, the philosophy of "hiduik mamakai" is an integral part of the lifestyle of the Minangkabau Gambir farming community. This is because the income of the Gambir farming community is enough to put the economic system on a stable life.
Siapa Kita? Sebuah Kritik Representasi dalam Etnografi
Tulisan ini mencoba mengkritisi ide tentang representasi dan generalisasi yang ada dalam karya etnografi. Kritik yang dilontarkan adalah bahwa dalam penggambaran etnografis yang ditulis para peneliti mengalami bias dan tidak bisa dipercaya, karena disiplin-disiplin akademis mereka muncul dari sebuah periode sejarah Eropa yang ditandai oleh penjajahan dan pengetahuan yang dihasilkan dianggap sebagai motor bagi mesin-mesin dominasi œBarat. Perdebatan yang timbul belakangan ini terfokus pada pertanyaan apakah etnografer sebagai œsubjek-subjek partikular itu mampu menghasilkan gambaran-gambaran kebudayaan dan the others yang andal dan obyektif. Di sini teks-teks dalam karya etnografi berperan sebagai pengantar atau pembuka terhadap wacana dan perdebatan tentang ide-ide representasi dan generalisasi dalam karya etnografi. Selanjutnya penulis melakukan analisis dan interpretasi menggunakan pemikiran James Clifford dan Lila Abu-Lughod tentang teori dekolonialisasi dalam antropologi. Interpretasi dilakukan dengan menarasikan kritik ke dalam wacana atau diskursus tentang ide-ide tentang representasi dan generalisasi dalam karya etnografi. This paper tries to criticize the ideas about representation and generalization that exist in ethnographic works. The criticism leveled is that in ethnographic descriptions written by researchers is biased and unreliable, because their academic disciplines emerged from a period of European history marked by colonialism and the knowledge it produced was seen as the engine for œWestern domination machines. Recent debates have focused on the question of whether ethnographers as particular œsubjects are capable of producing reliable and objective images of culture and the others. Here the texts in ethnographic works act as introductions or openings to discourses and debates about representational ideas and generalizations in ethnographic works. Next, the author analyzes and interprets using the thoughts of James Clifford and Lila Abu-Lughod on the theory of decolonization in anthropology. Interpretation is done by narrating criticism into discourse or discourse about ideas about representation and generalizations in ethnographic works.
Ketika Peneliti Mencemari Risetnya: Isu Refleksivitas Internal pada Etnografi
Etnografi menderita suatu krisis representasi internal. Krisis itu bermakna bahwa setiap pengetahuan yang diproduksi oleh etnografi merupakan sekedar pandangan relatif milik individu peneliti yang berada di balik catatan lapang dan analisa. Walhasil, tidak ada suatu ˜kebenaran objektif™ mengingat produk etnografi terikat oleh jarak pandang, konteks dan konstruksi-kognitif sang peneliti. Kritik tersebut mendiskreditkan etnografi sebagai suatu metode ilmiah yang gagal mencapai tujuan asasinya. Inilah yang menyebabkan banyak ilmuwan sosial menghindari atau bahkan menolak penggunaan etnografi ke dalam proses investigasi keilmuan mereka. Studi ini merespon kritik tersebut dengan menganalisa reflektivitas dalam penelitian etnografi. Dua jenis reflektivitas, yakni reflektivitas teori dan reflektivitas relasi peneliti-partisipan menjadi focus utama. Pada yang pertama ia membentuk pertanyaan penelitian hingga kesimpulan melalui asumsi-asumsi rasional. Adapun yang kedua memberi dampak pada penelitian melalui perbedaan subjektivitas yang dihasilkan peneliti atas kedekatan atau jarak diri dengan partisipan dan konteks penelitian. Reflektivitas menjadi penting agar peneliti etnografi dapat secara seksama mempertimbangkan aspek-aspek itu dan kemudian melakukan tindakan sadar-aktif dalam mengompensasi potensi bias atau pembatasan dalam proses penelitiannya.
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Jaringan Sosial Kelompok Perempuan Muara Tanjung dalam Konservasi Hutan Mangrove
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: (1) jaringan sosial yang terbentuk didalam kelompok perempuan Muara Tanjung dalam konservasi hutan mangrove; (2) struktur jaringan yang ada baik itu didalam maupun diluar kelompok. Penelitian ini termasuk kedalam penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan etnografi. Informan dalam penelitain ini ialah ketua kelompok perempuan Muara Tanjung, penggurus dan anggota kelompok yang aktif, anggota kelompok jaringan sosial luar yang bekerjasama dengan kelompok perempuan Muara Tanjung. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi partisipasi, wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi dan catatan lapangan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah teknik analisis wawancara etnografis, analisis domain dan analisis taksonomi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengungkap bahwasannya dalam sebuah kelompok diperlukannya jaringan sosial yang mengikat didalamnya baik itu secara internal maupun ekternal. Bagi kelompok perempuan Muara Tanjung sendiri jaringan sosial merupakan satu hal yang penting di miliki oleh sebuah kelompok. Melalui jaringan sosial ini terbentuk sebuah kerjasama yang tentunya mampu meningkatkan kinerja anggota kelompok Muara Tanjung sendiri. Kelompok perempuan Muara Tanjung merupakan kelompok yang memiliki struktur keanggotaan yang unik. Struktur keanggotaan yang ada didalam kelompok perempuan Muara Tanjung hanya terdiri dari anggota keluarga saja. Fenomena ini merupkan fenomena yang jarang terlihat dalam sebuah organisasi. Fenomena ini jugalah yang menjadikan kelompok perempuan Muara Tanjung memiliki kelebihan sekaligus kekurangan dalam organisasi kelompoknya. Adapun kelebihannya yaitu kelompok perempuan Muara Tanjung ini memiliki ikatan kekerabatan yang kuat sehingga anggota kelompok memiliki komitmen yang kuat untuk memajukan organisasi. Adapun kekurangannya adalah kelompok ini sulit menerima keanggotaan di luar lingkar keluarga. This article aims to explain the social network that is formed within the Muara Tanjung women™s group as well as the network structure that exists both inside and outside the group. This reaserch is included in qualitative research using an ethnographic approach method. The informant in this research was the Muara Tanjung Womens™s Group where the group leader, Mrs. Jumiati, was the key informant. Apart from that, other additional informants were external network groups that collaborated with the Muara Tanjung Women™s Group. This research also use data collection techniques through participant observation, in-depth interviews, documentation and field notes. The data collection techniques used in the research are ethnographic interview analysis techniques, domain analysis and taxonomic analysis techniques. The result obtained from this research show at in a group a social network is needed that binds it both internally and externally. For the Muara Tanjung women™s group, social network are an important thing for a group to have. Thourgh social networks, a collaboration will be formed which will certainly be able to improve the quality of the members of the Muara Tanjung itself. Apart rom that, the Muara Tanjung women™s group is also a group that has a uniqe membership structure. The membership structure in the Muara Tanjung Womens™s group only consists of family members. This phenomenon is a phenomenon that is rarely seen in organization. This is what makes the Muara Tanjung Women™s group different from other women™s groups.
Menggali Perspektif Lintas Budaya: Analisis Perbandingan Perilaku Memilah Sampah di Indonesia dan Jerman
Studi ini menganalisis perbedaan perilaku memilah sampah antara Indonesia dan Jerman menggunakan dimensi budaya Hofstede yaitu jarak kekuasaan, individualisme-kolektivisme, dan penghindaran ketidakpastian. Meskipun telah ada upaya untuk mengelola sampah, penelitian ini membantu menjelaskan mengapa negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia, menemui tantangan dalam menerapkan perilaku pro-lingkungan, terutama dalam memilah sampah. Kajian literatur digunakan dengan pendekatan psikologi lintas budaya yang merupakan studi perbandingan kritis tentang bagaimana budaya memengaruhi psikologi. Melalui kajian literatur dengan pendekatan psikologi lintas budaya, studi ini membandingkan tentang bagaimana budaya mempengaruhi psikologi. Pada budaya jarak kekuasaan, Indonesia memerlukan teladan dalam implementasi kebijakan lingkungan, sedangkan Jerman memiliki partisipasi masyarakat tinggi dalam pemilahan sampah. Indonesia termasuk kolektivis cenderung memilah sampah bersama dalam komunitas, sementara Jerman yang individualis menekankan tanggung jawab individu. Pada budaya penghindaran ketidakpastian, Indonesia memerlukan standarisasi aturan dan fasilitas bank sampah, sementara Jerman memberlakukan aturan dan sanksi jelas untuk memperkuat perilaku memilah sampah. Kesimpulannya, terdapat perbedaan perilaku memilah sampah antara Indonesia dan Jerman yang terkait faktor kebijakan. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk melakukan studi yang lebih eksploratif dan komprehensif dalam setiap dimensi budaya, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor internal dan eksternal lainnya. This study analyzes the differences in waste sorting behavior between Indonesia and Germany using Hofstede's cultural dimensions: power distance, individualism-collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance. Despite efforts to manage waste, this research helps explain why developing countries, including Indonesia, face challenges in implementing pro-environmental behavior, particularly in waste sorting. A literature review is used with a cross-cultural psychology approach, which critically examines how culture influences psychology. Within the power distance culture, Indonesia requires role models in environmental policy implementation, while Germany exhibits high public participation in waste sorting. Indonesia, as a collectivist society, tends to sort waste jointly in communities, whereas Germany, an individualistic society, emphasizes individual responsibility. In the uncertainty avoidance culture, Indonesia needs standardized rules and waste bank facilities, while Germany enforces clear regulations and sanctions to strengthen waste sorting behavior. In conclusion, there are differences in waste sorting behavior between Indonesia and Germany related to policy factors. Also, several efforts can be considered to improve waste sorting behavior in Indonesia. Further research is recommended to conduct more exploratory and comprehensive studies in each cultural dimension, considering other internal and external factors.
Digital Governance dalam Mewujudkan Ketahanan Pangan melalui Kearifan Lokal di Kota Bandung
Ketergantungan pangan yang tinggi terhadap daerah lain membuat Kota Bandung sangat rentan terhadap ketahanan pangan, tidak memiliki kedaulatan pangan, rentan terhadap gejolak harga, atau tidak dapat mengontrol harga pangan yang beredar. Tata kelola digital melalui indigenous knowledge di Kota Bandung menjadi aspek penting untuk mewujudkan ketahanan pangan, salah satunya melalui pertanian perkotaan terpadu yang disebut Buruan Sae (Pekarangan Sehat Alami dan Ekonomis). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus di Kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kota Bandung melalui DKPP belum menerapkan tata kelola pemerintahan digital pada program Buruan Sae, baru baru memulai yaitu dengan pembuatan aplikasi yang belum sempurna yang merupakan layanan menuju pemerintahan digital, belum sampai pada kategori SPBE. Padahal program buruan sae dapat membantu masyarakat memanfaatkan sumber tanaman pekarangan sebagai alternatif untuk ketahanan pangan, dengan adanya teknologi digital yang mendukung program buruan sae DKPP dapat melacak alur barang dari petani hingga ke konsumen, memonitoring kualitas produk, dan memastikan pemenuhan standar keamanan pangan yang memberikan kepercayaan konsumen terhadap produk lokal. Such high food dependence on other areas means that the city of Bandung is very vulnerable to food security, does not have food sovereignty, is vulnerable to price fluctuations, or cannot control the price of food in circulation. Digital governance through indigenous knowledge in the city of Bandung is an important aspect of realizing food security, one of which is through integrated urban farming called Buruan Sae (Natural and Economical Healthy Yard). This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method in the city of Bandung. The results of the research show that the City of Bandung, through DKPP, has not yet implemented digital governance in the Buruan Sae program, only just starting out, namely with the creation of a rudimentary application that is a service towards digital government, not yet reaching the SPBE category. Even though the sae hunting program can help the community utilize garden plant sources as an alternative for food security, the existence of digital technology that supports the sae hunting DKPP can track the flow of goods from farmers to consumers, monitor product quality, and ensure compliance with food safety standards that provide consumer trust in local products.
Interpretative Symbolic Anthropology: Islamic Dynamics of the Indonesian Chinese Islamic Association (PITI) in Jepara Regency
Penelitian antropologi simbolik interpretatif ini bertujuan untuk memahami dinamika keislaman dalam Persatuan Islam Tionghoa Indonesia (PITI) di Kabupaten Jepara. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi berbagai simbol-simbol keislaman yang ada dalam komunitas PITI, serta bagaimana simbol-simbol ini memberikan makna dan pengaruh pada kehidupan keagamaan dan kebudayaan para anggotanya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian etnografi dengan model wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen terkait PITI. Informan penelitian terdiri dari ketua dan anggota komunitas PITI, tokoh agama, dan masyarakat lokal di Kabupaten Jepara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keislaman dalam PITI adalah hasil dari integrasi antara budaya Tionghoa dan ajaran Islam. Simbol-simbol keislaman seperti nisan, pakaian tradisional, dan perayaan hari raya keagamaan memiliki makna yang mendalam bagi anggota PITI dalam mempertahankan identitas agama dan budaya mereka. Selain itu, simbol-simbol ini juga berperan dalam menjalin hubungan harmonis antara komunitas PITI dengan masyarakat sekitarnya. Dinamika keislaman dalam PITI juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor sosial, politik, dan ekonomi di Kabupaten Jepara. Transformasi sosial dan perkembangan teknologi juga memainkan peran dalam mempengaruhi cara anggota PITI mengamalkan agama mereka dan memahami simbol-simbol keislaman. This interpretive symbolic anthropology research aims to understand Islamic dynamics in the Indonesian Chinese Islamic Association (PITI) in Jepara Regency. Through a qualitative approach, this research explores various Islamic symbols that exist in the PITI community, as well as how these symbols provide meaning and influence on the religious and cultural life of its members. The research method used is ethnographic research using in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and analysis of documents related to PITI. Research informants consisted of leaders and members of the PITI community, religious leaders and local communities in Jepara Regency. The research results show that Islam in PITI is the result of integration between Chinese culture and Islamic teachings. Islamic symbols such as gravestones, traditional clothing, and religious holiday celebrations have deep meaning for PITI members in maintaining their religious and cultural identity. Apart from that, these symbols also play a role in establishing harmonious relations between the PITI community and the surrounding community. Islamic dynamics in PITI are also influenced by social, political and economic factors in Jepara Regency. Social transformation and technological developments also play a role in influencing the way PITI members practice their religion and understand Islamic symbols
Contestation of Javanese Culture and Identity in Deli: An Analysis of Jawa Deli Wedding Ceremonies Using the Bergerian Approach
This paper aims to demonstrate that Javanese culture is not uniform. According to several research findings, there are numerous cultural variances among Javanese people, who regard themselves as different from other Javanese. In the Deli Serdang Regency, the marriage ceremony analyzed in this study does not only see a rich parade of a Javanese Deli cultural tradition. On the other hand, the Javanese Deli's marriage ceremony procession in Deli Serdang depicts identity that is produced through a historical process tailored to their socio-cultural environment. In this study, the building of the Javanese Deli identity during the wedding ceremony is examined from a Bergerian perspective, in which the Javanese Deli identity is constantly transformed and shaped socially and culturally. When in Deli, the essence of Java Deli is significantly influenced by changing situations and conditions that continue to evolve. As a result of the externalization, objectification, and internalization processes, Java Deli's manufactured identity is situational.