Effect of Fixatives on the Thermal Stability of Perfume Formulations from Rose, Jasmine, and Frangipani Extracts

Authors

  • Dwi Sapri Ramadhan Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
  • Gita Dwi Ayu Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
  • Jenny Lasria Florita Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
  • Feny Christin Silaen Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
  • Caecilia Antonia Purba Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
  • Moondra Zubir Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
  • Ani Sutiani Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
  • Dian Wardana Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
  • Wulan Dwi Safitri Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
  • Jam'an Fahmi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v9i1.72397

Keywords:

perfume, fixative, volatility, benzyl alcohol, benzyl salicylate

Abstract

Perfume is a mixture of aromatic compounds, essential oils, fixatives, and solvents designed to produce a long-lasting aroma. This study investigated the effect of temperature on the stability of jasmine, rose, and frangipani flower extracts in perfume formulations using benzyl alcohol and benzyl salicylate as fixatives. Essential oils were extracted using the leaching method, and aroma and mass stability were evaluated at 25 °C, 50 °C, and 70 °C. Jasmine extract showed high volatility at all temperatures, with significant mass loss. Rose extract exhibited greater thermal stability than jasmine and frangipani. In contrast, frangipani extract experienced the highest mass reduction, particularly at 70 °C, indicating high temperature sensitivity. Benzyl alcohol reduced evaporation but was less effective at high temperatures, whereas benzyl salicylate provided better aroma stabilization. Hedonic testing showed that jasmine and rose perfumes were preferred. These results demonstrate that fixative selection plays a crucial role in improving perfume aroma durability.

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Published

2026-01-31

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): JANUARY 2026

Section

Articles