.png)
Effects of grey mangrove leaf extract (Avicennia marina) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract
The emergence and spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in recent decades complicates the antibiotic therapy. The grey mangrove (Avicennia marina) has flavonoid, terpenoid, saponin, phenolic, tannin, and alkaloid chemical compounds that have antimicrobial activity, thus potentially inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus. This study aims to examine the effects of the grey mangrove (Avicennia marina) leaf extracts on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. This research uses laboratory experimental design with disc diffusion method to test the inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria growth in Mueller-Hinton medium. There were 6 treatment groups, namely negative control of 0.2% DMSO, positive control of amoxicillin 30 µg, Avicennia marina leaf extract at concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The results of this research showed that Avicennia marina leaf extract produces inhibition zone of 7.06 mm, 8.51 mm, 10.07 mm, 13.29 mm at concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Meanwhile, positive control produces inhibiton zone of 23.65 mm, and negative control has no inhibition zone. The statistical tests using one-way ANOVA resulted in a significance value of less than 0.05 (p<α). The conclusion of this study showed that the grey mangrove (Avicennia marina) leaf extract at 100% concentration is the most effective treatment group in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, although the inhibition was not much better when compared to the inhibition of the positive control group.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Andries, J. R., Gunawan, P. N., & Supit, A. (2014). Uji efek anti bakteri ekstrak bunga cengkeh terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans secara in vitro. e-GIGI, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.2.2.2014.5763
Balouiri, M., Sadiki, M., & Ibnsouda, S. K. (2016). Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. In Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis (Vol. 6, Issue 2, pp. 71–79). Xi’an Jiaotong University. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2015.11.005
Cholifah, N., Ridhay, A., Satrimafitrah, P., Ruslan, & Ys, H. (2020). Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol dari kulit batang kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia, 6(1), 34–38. https://doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2020.v6.i1.12854
Egra, S., Mardhiana, ., Rofin, M., Adiwena, M., Jannah, N., Kuspradini, H., & Mitsunaga, T. (2019). Aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak bakau (Rhizophora mucronata) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Ralstonia solanacearum penyebab penyakit layu. Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 12(1), 26. https://doi.org/10.21107/agrovigor.v12i1.5143
ElDohaji, L. M., Hamoda, A. M., Hamdy, R., & Soliman, S. S. M. (2020). Avicennia marina a natural reservoir of phytopharmaceuticals: Curative power and platform of medicines. In Journal of Ethnopharmacology (Vol. 263). Elsevier Ireland Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113179
Foster, T. J. (2017). Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Current status and future prospects. In FEMS Microbiology Reviews (Vol. 41, Issue 3, pp. 430–449). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fux007
Herliany, N. E., Pariansyah, A., & Negara, B. F. surya prawira. (2018). Aplikasi maserat buah mangrove Avicennia marina sebagai pengawet alami ikan nila segar. Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal, 5(1), 36–44. https://doi.org/10.29103/aa.v5i1.454
Ibrahim, H. A. H., Abdel-Latif, H. H., & Zaghloul, E. H. (2022). Phytochemical composition of Avicennia marina leaf extract, its antioxidant, antimicrobial potentials and inhibitory properties on Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilm. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 48(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2021.10.007
Kasenda, J. Ch. (2016). Formulasi dan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri sabun cair ekstrak etanol daun ekor kucing (Acalypha hispida Burm.F) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. PHARMACON, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.35799/PHA.5.2016.12936
Kumar, Surinder. (2012). Textbook of microbiology. Jaypee Brothers Medical Pub.
Ngajow, M., Abidjulu, J., & Kamu, V. S. (2013). Pengaruh antibakteri ekstrak kulit batang matoa (Pometia pinnata) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus secara In vitro. Jurnal MIPA, 2(2), 128. https://doi.org/10.35799/jm.2.2.2013.3121
Nimah, S., Ma’ruf, W., & Trianto, A. (2012). Uji bioaktivitas ekstrak teripang pasir (Holothuria scabra) terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Bacillus cereus. Jurnal Pengolahan Dan Bioteknologi Hasil Perikanan, 1(1), 9–17. ISSN : 2442-4145
Nn, A. (2015). A Review on the extraction methods use in medicinal plants, principle, strength and limitation. Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, 04(03), 3–8. https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0412.1000196
Santosaningsih, D., Santoso, S., Budayanti, N. S., Kuntaman, K., Lestari, E. S., Farida, H., Hapsari, R., Hadi, P., Winarto, W., Milheiriço, C., Maquelin, K., Willemse-Erix, D., van Belkum, A., Severin, J. A., & Verbrugh, H. A. (2014). Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus harboring the mecA or Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes in hospitals in Java and Bali, Indonesia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 90(4), 728–734. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.13-0734
Santosaningsih, D., Santoso, S., Budayanti, N. S., Suata, K., Lestari, E. S., Wahjono, H., Djamal, A., Kuntaman, K., van Belkum, A., Laurens, M., Snijders, S. v., Willemse-Erix, D., Goessens, W. H., Verbrugh, H. A., & Severin, J. A. (2016). Characterisation of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates harbouring mecA or Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes from four tertiary care hospitals in Indonesia. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 21(5), 610–618. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12692
Santosaningsih, D., Santoso, S., Setijowati, N., Rasyid, H. A., Budayanti, N. S., Suata, K., Widhyatmoko, D. B., Purwono, P. B., Kuntaman, K., Damayanti, D., Prakoeswa, C. R. S., Laurens, M., van Nierop, J. W. I., Nanninga, G. L., Oudenes, N., de Regt, M., Snijders, S. v., Verbrugh, H. A., & Severin, J. A. (2018). Prevalence and characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus causing community-acquired skin and soft tissue infections on Java and Bali, Indonesia. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 23(1), 34–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13000
Sharief Md, N., & Maheswara Rao, U. v. (2014). Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Avicennia marina Leaf. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 6(10), 252–256. www.jocpr.com ISSN : 0975-7384
Sumartini, S. (2021). Pemanfaatan daun mangrove api-Api (Avicennia marina) sebagai antibakteri pada ikan layang benggol (Decapterus russelli) dengan variasi konsentrasi dan penyimpanan. Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri, 15(2), 291. https://doi.org/10.26578/jrti.v15i2.6932
Tong, S. Y. C., Davis, J. S., Eichenberger, E., Holland, T. L., & Fowler, V. G. (2015). Staphylococcus aureus infections: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 28(3), 603–661. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00134-14
Yan, Y., Li, X., Zhang, C., Lv, L., Gao, B., & Li, M. (2021). Research progress on antibacterial activities and mechanisms of natural alkaloids: A review. In Antibiotics (Vol. 10, Issue 3). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10030318
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/jbio.v10i2.43222
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 79 timesPDF - 46 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
INDEXING
JBIO : Jurnal Biosains (The Journal of Biosciences), Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan. ISSN 2443-1230 (print) dan ISSN 2460-6804 (online)
Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi 4.0 Internasional.