Laboratorium Alam Berbasis Lingkungan Sekolah untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep IPA di Sekolah Dasar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/jgk.v10.i4.76205Keywords:
Lingkungan Sekolah, Laboratorium Alam, Pembelajaran IPA, Sekolah Dasar, Pemahaman KonsepAbstract
Rendahnya literasi sains siswa Indonesia, tercermin dari skor PISA 2022 sebesar 383, serta pemanfaatan lingkungan sekolah yang masih insidental melatarbelakangi penelitian ini. Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk pemanfaatan lingkungan sekolah sebagai laboratorium alam, mengidentifikasi tantangan guru, serta dampaknya terhadap pembelajaran IPA. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif desain studi kasus (case study), dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 01 Karang Tengah, Kecamatan Cibadak, Kabupaten Sukabumi, pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2025/2026 hingga Mei 2026. Subjek penelitian yaitu satu guru dan lima siswa kelas V, dipilih secara purposive. Alur penelitian meliputi persiapan, pengumpulan data, analisis, dan penyusunan laporan. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi 14 item, wawancara semi-terstruktur 10 pertanyaan guru dan 8 pertanyaan siswa, serta dokumentasi, dianalisis dengan model Miles dan Huberman disertai triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil menunjukkan pemanfaatan berlangsung melalui tiga tahap, yaitu persiapan, observasi langsung, dan tindak lanjut, tiga tantangan berupa waktu, pengelolaan siswa, dan cuaca yang diatasi melalui kelompok kecil dan lembar kerja terstruktur, serta peningkatan keterlibatan, motivasi (seluruh lima siswa menyukai belajar di luar kelas), dan pemahaman konsep IPA. Disimpulkan laboratorium alam efektif meningkatkan pembelajaran IPA sehingga direkomendasikan penerapannya secara sistematis dan berkelanjutan di sekolah dasar.
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