Dinamika Kognitif Mahasiswa dalam Menghadapi Kesulitan Tidur: Kajian Fenomenologi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/jgk.v10.i4.76465Keywords:
Kesulitan Tidur, Aktivitas Kognitif, Overthinking, Bedtime Procrastination, MahasiswaAbstract
Kesulitan tidur banyak dialami mahasiswa, dengan prevalensi global gejala insomnia mencapai 46,9%, tetapi dinamika kognitif di baliknya belum banyak dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi dinamika kognitif mahasiswa saat menghadapi kesulitan tidur. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah enam mahasiswa semester IV Program Studi Psikologi Universitas Teknologi Nusantara Bogor berusia 20–23 tahun yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Penelitian berlangsung pada Januari–Mei 2026 melalui tahap persiapan, penjaringan partisipan, pemberian persetujuan, wawancara, analisis data, dan konfirmasi hasil. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur dan dianalisis secara fenomenologis melalui transkripsi, horizonalization, pengodean, dan penyusunan tema. Keabsahan data dijaga melalui member checking. Analisis menghasilkan lima tema dan dua pola kesulitan tidur. Pola pertama adalah aktivitas kognitif intrusif berupa overthinking, kekhawatiran terhadap masa depan, rumination, dan dialog internal (50%). Pola kedua adalah penundaan tidur secara sadar melalui aktivitas hiburan (50%). Seluruh partisipan (100%) merasakan dampak fisik, emosional, dan akademik, tetapi hanya satu partisipan (16,7%) yang secara sadar mengelola pikirannya. Kesulitan tidur mahasiswa merupakan fenomena kognitif-psikologis yang kompleks. Layanan kesehatan mental kampus direkomendasikan menyediakan program manajemen pikiran dan manajemen waktu sesuai kedua pola tersebut.
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