Bimbingan dan Konseling Adaptif untuk Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Inklusif: Sebuah Kajian Konseptual
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/jbrue.v12i1.75426Keywords:
Bimbingan dan Konseling Adaptif, Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Inklusif, Pendidikan Inklusif, Play-Based Counseling, Universal Design for LearningAbstract
Abstrak: Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini inklusif memerlukan layanan bimbingan dan konseling yang mampu mengakomodasi keberagaman karakteristik dan kebutuhan perkembangan setiap anak. Namun, implementasinya pada PAUD masih belum sepenuhnya menerapkan pendekatan adaptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model konseptual bimbingan dan konseling adaptif untuk PAUD inklusif melalui kajian literatur dengan desain analisis konseptual. Literatur diperoleh dari jurnal nasional dan internasional bereputasi, buku, serta dokumen kebijakan yang relevan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan content analysis dan thematic synthesis. Hasil kajian menghasilkan model BK adaptif yang terdiri atas lima komponen utama, yaitu asesmen perkembangan komprehensif, desain layanan yang fleksibel dan berpusat pada anak, intervensi berbasis bermain dengan pendekatan multisensori, kolaborasi multiprofesi, dan evaluasi perkembangan berkelanjutan. Model ini mengintegrasikan prinsip bimbingan dan konseling perkembangan, Universal Design for Learning, dan pendekatan berbasis kekuatan sebagai kerangka layanan yang preventif, kolaboratif, dan responsif untuk mendukung perkembangan optimal anak pada satuan PAUD inklusif.
Abstract: Inclusive Early Childhood Education (ECE) requires guidance and counseling services that accommodate every child's diverse developmental needs. However, implementation in ECE has not fully adopted an adaptive approach. This study aims to develop a conceptual model of adaptive guidance and counseling for inclusive ECE through a literature review using a conceptual analysis design. Literature from reputable national and international journals, books, and policy documents was analyzed using content analysis and thematic synthesis. The study yielded an adaptive model consisting of five main components: comprehensive developmental assessment, flexible and child-centered service design, play-based intervention with a multisensory approach, multi-professional collaboration, and continuous developmental evaluation. This model integrates developmental guidance and counseling principles, Universal Design for Learning, and a strength-based approach. It serves as a preventive, collaborative, and responsive framework to support children's optimal development in inclusive ECE units.
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Program Studi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) FIP UNIMED
