The Effect of Stimulation on Motor Development in Infants Aged 0–12 Months
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/acy47e06Abstract
Motor development during the first year of life underpins children’s later physical, cognitive, and social competence, yet delayed motor development remains a concern among infants in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the effect of parental stimulation on the gross and fine motor development of infants aged 0–12 months. A quantitative cross-sectional correlational design was applied to simulated data for 60 mother–infant pairs, constructed to follow patterns reported in comparable studies. Parental stimulation was measured with a questionnaire, and motor development with an instrument based on the Pre-Screening Developmental Questionnaire (Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan, KPSP). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and simple linear regression. Parental stimulation showed a strong positive relationship with gross motor scores (r = 0.777; p < 0.001) and a moderately strong positive relationship with fine motor scores (r = 0.695; p < 0.001). The regression models explained 60.3% of the variance in gross motor scores and 48.4% in fine motor scores. Infants in the high-stimulation category had higher mean gross and fine motor scores than those in the moderate and low categories, with the steepest gain from low to moderate stimulation. These findings are consistent with experience-dependent plasticity and indicate that the intensity and consistency of stimulation, not merely its presence, shape infants’ motor outcomes. The study quantifies the magnitude of stimulation effects on both motor domains simultaneously, which can inform targeted early-stimulation education for health workers and community health volunteers (kader posyandu) in Indonesia.
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