MEMBANGUN KETANGGUHAN MENTAL ATLET: EKSPLORASI PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN PSIKOLOGIS DALAM OLAHRAGA KOMPETITIF

Pulung Riyanto; Heri Yusuf Muslihin

doi:10.24114/jp.v9i2.71346

Authors

Pulung Riyanto Universitas Musamus
Heri Yusuf Muslihin Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Tasikmalaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24114/jp.v9i2.71346

Keywords:

Ketangguhan mental, Keterampilan psikologis, Psikologi olahraga, Atlet kompetitif, Performa olahraga

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi efektivitas program pelatihan keterampilan psikologis dalam meningkatkan ketangguhan mental atlet Provinsi Papua Selatan yang dipersiapkan menghadapi Pekan Olahraga Nasional (PON) XXI Aceh–Sumatra 2024. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran (mixed methods) yang mengintegrasikan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang komprehensif mengenai dampak intervensi psikologis terhadap kesiapan mental atlet. Pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan melalui pengukuran ketangguhan mental menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan, yang dianalisis menggunakan uji t berpasangan dan analisis korelasi. Sementara itu, pendekatan kualitatif diterapkan melalui wawancara mendalam, diskusi kelompok terfokus (FGD), serta observasi lapangan yang melibatkan atlet, pelatih, dan psikolog olahraga, dengan analisis tematik untuk menangkap dinamika psikologis yang dialami atlet selama proses pelatihan dan kompetisi. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 25 atlet Papua Selatan yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria usia, pengalaman bertanding, dan kesediaan mengikuti seluruh rangkaian pelatihan. Program pelatihan mencakup keterampilan psikologis utama seperti visualisasi, self-talk positif, teknik pernapasan, relaksasi, dan pengaturan tujuan, yang diintegrasikan dalam latihan rutin dan simulasi kompetitif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada ketangguhan mental atlet, khususnya pada dimensi kontrol diri, optimisme, komitmen, dan kemampuan mengatasi tekanan. Analisis korelasi juga mengindikasikan hubungan positif antara peningkatan ketangguhan mental dengan faktor usia dan pengalaman bertanding. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pelatihan keterampilan psikologis berperan penting dalam memperkuat kesiapan mental atlet dan mendukung performa optimal pada kompetisi tingkat nasional.

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