Persepsi Multisensori dalam Proses Pembentukan Ekspresi Musikal Musisi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/grenek.v13i1.56620Keywords:
Persepsi Lintas Modal, Ekspresi Musikal Musisi, Temporalitas Emosi MusikalAbstract
Keputusan ekspresi musisi merupakan aspek vital yang menentukan keberhasilan musisi dalam komunikasi musikal antara komponis, pemain, dan pendengar. Dengan demikian selain keterampilan teknis untuk mengeksekusi notasi, musisi juga memerlukan wawasan mengenai aspek-aspek apa saja yang terlibat dalam membuat keputusan ekspresi yang sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi peran perspsi silang modal dalam proses pembentukan ekspresi musikal musisi. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara semi tersetruktur terhadap 5 orang musisi berpengalaman meliputi 3 orang gitaris dan 2 orang cellist untuk mengungkap berbagai aspek selama proses pembentukan ekspresi musikal. Pengkodean deduktif dilakukan pada data transkrip, selanjutnya dihimpun ke dalam gugus-gugus tema yang diturunkan dari kerangka konseptual. Ditemukan tiga urutan proses yang terjadi selama pembentukan ekspresi pemain: pertama keputusan ekspresif musisi hampir selalu didorong oleh rekognisi emosi mereka terhadap struktur musik, di mana tensi emosi yang dirasakan akan secara dinamis berubah mengikuti kemiripan ikonikal struktur musik. Kedua, dimensi temporal yang melekat pada musik menyebabkan kategori emosi dasar seperti sedih, gembira, marah, takut, tidak memadai dalam mengakomodasi rekgonisi emosi yang ditangkap musisi dari notasi dan struktur musik. Ketiga, persepsi silang modal berperan sebagai cara menangkap keutuhan muatan emosi yang direkognisi musisi pada struktur musik. Berdasarkan hal itu keputusan ekspresi musikal (pengaturan parameter akustik) dibentuk berdasarkan kemiripan tensi emosi antara persepsi auditori dengan modalitas lainnya: dalam studi ini gerak benda (kinsetetik) dan pencahayaan (visual) menjadi referensi perseptual yang paling sering diacu narasumber.References
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