Transformasi Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Global di Era Abad 21: Analisis Implementasi dan Tantangan

Heny Mulyani, Kokom Komalasari, Mitra Permatasari, Maria Lufransiya Bribin, Suriaman Suriaman

Abstract


Abstract

This research discusses the implementation and challenges of Global Citizenship Education (GCED) in the 21st century. The purpose of this study is to explore the importance of GCED in preparing individuals to face global challenges, as well as to identify the main challenges faced in the implementation of GCED. The research method used includes a literature review of various articles and research papers related to GCED obtained through the Google Scholar database. The results showed that GCED is an important concept to equip individuals with the knowledge, skills, and values needed to face global challenges. The implementation of GCED in various countries has been widely done, but in practice there are still obstacles and challenges such as lack of understanding of the concept, curriculum limitations, cultural barriers, and lack of resources and funds. GCED is important to prepare learners to be active and responsible global citizens. To overcome the challenges of GCED implementation, strategies such as raising awareness and advocacy, providing training and capacity, curriculum reform, creating partnerships and networks, and utilizing technology are needed. Thus, GCED has a crucial role in fulfilling the needs of global citizenship education in the 21st century.

----------------

Abstrak

Penelitian ini membahas implementasi dan tantangan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Global (GCED) di abad ke-21. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi pentingnya GCED dalam mempersiapkan individu menghadapi tantangan global, serta untuk mengidentifikasi tantangan utama yang dihadapi dalam implementasi GCED. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi tinjauan literatur dari berbagai artikel dan paper penelitian terkait dengan GCED yang diperoleh melalui database Google Scholar . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa GCED adalah konsep penting untuk membekali individu dengan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan nilai-nilai yang diperlukan untuk menghadapi tantangan global. Implementasi GCED di berbagai negara telah banyak dilakukan, namun dalam praktiknya masih ditemukan hambatan dan tantangan seperti kurangnya pemahaman akan konsep tersebut, batasan kurikulum, hambatan budaya, dan kurangnya sumber daya dan dana. Mengingat GCED penting untuk mempersiapkan peserta didik menjadi warga global yang aktif dan bertanggung jawab. Untuk mengatasi tantangan implementasi GCED, diperlukan strategi seperti meningkatkan kesadaran dan advokasi, memberikan pelatihan dan kapasitas, reformasi kurikulum, membuat kemitraan dan jaringan, serta memanfaatkan teknologi. Dengan demikian, GCED memiliki peran yang krusial dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pendidikan kewarganegaraan global di abad ke-21.


Keywords


global citizenship education; implementation; challenges; pendidikan kewarganegaraan global; implementasi; tantangan

References


Agbaria, A. K. (2011). The Social Studies Education Discourse Community on Globalization: Exploring the Agenda of Preparing Citizens for the Global Age. Journal of Studies in International Education, 15(1), 57–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315309334645

Akkari, A., & Maleq, K. (Ed.). (2020). Global Citizenship Education: Critical and International Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44617-8

Boangmanalu, S., & Sembiring, A. B. (2022). Dinamika Kontemporer Kewarganegaraan Indonesia (Studi Etnisitas Dalam Pemilihan Bupati Pakpak Bharat). Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 19(2), 102–112. https://doi.org/10.24114/JK.V19I2.30402

Bourke, L., Bamber, P., & Lyons, M. (2012). Global Citizens: Who are They? Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 7(2), 161–174. https://doi.org/10.1177/1746197912440858

Chong, E. K. M. (2015). Global Citizenship Education and Hong Kong’s Secondary School Curriculum Guidelines. Asian Education and Development Studies, 4(2), 221–247. https://doi.org/10.1108/AEDS-05-2014-0016

Cotton, D. R. E., Morrison, D., Magne, P., Payne, S., & Heffernan, T. (2019). Global Citizenship and Cross-Cultural Competency: Student and Expert Understandings of Internationalization Terminology. Journal of Studies in International Education, 23(3), 346–364. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315318789337

Davies, I., & Pike, G. (2010). Global Citizenship Education: Challenges and Possibilities. In The Handbook of Practice and Research in Study Abroad (Vol. 460, hal. 83–100). https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203876640-12

Estellés, M., & Fischman, G. E. (2021). Who Needs Global Citizenship Education? A Review of the Literature on Teacher Education. Journal of Teacher Education, 72(2), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487120920254

Expósito, L. P., & McCowan, T. (2013). Editorial Citizenship and Education in Latin America. Journal of Social Science Education, 12(3), 2–7. https://doi.org/10.2390/jsse-v12-i3-1284

Fernekes, W. R. (2016). Global Citizenship Education and Human Rights Education: Are They Compatible with US Civic Education?. Journal of International Social Studies, 6(2), 34–57. Diambil dari https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1149362

Franch, S. (2019). Global Citizenship Education Between Qualification, Socialization, and Subjectification. In A. Peterson, G. Stahl, & H. Soong (Ed.), The Palgrave Handbook of Citizenship and Education (hal. 1–15). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67905-1_68-1

Halevi, G., Moed, H., & Bar-ilan, J. (2017). Suitability of Google Scholar as a Source of Scientific Information and as a Source of Data for Scientific Evaluation: Review of the Literature. Journal of Informetrics, 11(3), 823–834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.06.005

Ho, L.-C. (2018). Conceptions of Global Citizenship Education in East and Southeast Asia. In The Palgrave Handbook of Global Citizenship and Education (hal. 83–95). https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59733-5_6

Iswanda, M. L., & Dewi, D. A. (2021). Peran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di Era Globalisasi dalam Mencegah Degradasi Moral. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 03(03), 34–40. https://doi.org/10.33559/eoj.v3i3.724

Kim, E. J. A. (2021). Global Citizenship Education Through Curriculum-as-Relations. Prospects, 51(1–3), 129–141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-021-09554-w

Klein, J., & Wikan, G. (2019). Teacher Education and International Practice Programmes: Reflections on Transformative Learning and Global Citizenship. Teaching and Teacher Education, 79, 93–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2018.12.003

Li, D. (2019). An analysis of American Citizenship Education. Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar on Education Innovation and Economic Management (SEIEM 2018), 286(Seiem 2018), 443–445. https://doi.org/10.2991/seiem-18.2019.114

M. Zapalska, A., Wingrove-Haugland, E., LaMonica, C., & Rivero, E. (2013). Teaching Global Issues in an Undergraduate Program. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 1(1), 10–19. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2013.010102

Mahpudz, A. (2023). Developing Global Citizenship Education Materials and Values in the Indonesian School Curriculum. 4th Annual Civic Education Conference, 720–728. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-096-1_76

Megasari, I. I., & Abdulkarim, A. (2020). The Implementation of Curriculum 2013 at Civic Education as an Effort to Improve Competence Building of Citizens in Facing Global Competition. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Civic Education Conference (ACEC 2019), 418(Acec 2019), 143–145. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200320.028

Morais, D. B., & Ogden, A. C. (2011). Initial Development and Validation of the Global Citizenship Scale. Journal of Studies in International Education, 15(5), 445–466. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315310375308

Oxfam. (n.d.). What Is Global Capitalism? Diambil 3 Januari 2024, dari www.oxfam.org.uk website: https://www.oxfam.org.uk/education/who-we-are/what-is-global-citizenship/#:~:text=For Oxfam%2C global citizenship is,can all make a difference.

Pashby, K. (2018). Identity, Belonging and Diversity in Education for Global Citizenship: Multiplying, Intersecting, Transforming, and Engaging Lived Realities. In The Palgrave Handbook of Global Citizenship and Education (hal. 277–293). https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59733-5_18

Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Indonesia Nomor 21 Tentang 2016 tentang Standar Isi Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah.

Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Nomor 22 Tahun 2022 Tentang Rencana Strategis Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Tahun 2020–2024.

Peterson, A., Milligan, A., & Wood, B. E. (2018). Global Citizenship Education in Australasia. In The Palgrave Handbook of Global Citizenship and Education (hal. 3–20). https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59733-5_1

Poole, C. M., & Russell, W. B. (2015). Educating for Global Perspectives: A Study of Teacher Preparation Programs. Journal of Education, 195(3), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/002205741519500305

Qi, R., & Zou, F. (2018). Research on the Conception, Practice and Enlightenment of Global Citizenship Education. Proceedings of the 2018 2nd International Conference on Management, Education and Social Science (ICMESS 2018), 176(Icmess), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.2991/icmess-18.2018.2

Radjai, L. (2022). Challenges for Diffusing Global Citizenship Education in Japan. In The Sustainable Development Goals (1 ed., hal. 98–110). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003205951

Rapoport, A. (2020). Editorial: Technologization of Global Citizenship Education as Response to Challenges of Globalization. Research in Social Sciences and Technology, 5(1), i–vii. https://doi.org/10.46303/ressat.05.01.ed

Salsabila, N., Wahyuni, F. D., & Nurgiansyah, T. H. (2023). Peran Penting Civics: Pendidikan Ilmu Kewarganegaraan di Era Masyarakat Digital. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 20(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v20i1.39530 1

Soong, H. (2018). Transnationalism in Education: Theoretical Discussions and the Implications for Teaching Global Citizenship Education. In The Palgrave Handbook of Global Citizenship and Education (hal. 165–177). https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59733-5_11

Starkey, H. (2022). Challenges to global citizenship education: Nationalism and Cosmopolitanism. Global Citizenship in Foreign Language Education: Concepts, Practices, Connections, 5(1), 62–78. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003183839-5

Sundaram, V. (2018). Gender, Sexuality and Global Citizenship Education: Addressing the Role of Higher Education in Tackling Sexual Harassment and Violence. In The Palgrave Handbook of Global Citizenship and Education (hal. 409–423). https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59733-5_26

Sutrisno, Sapriya, Komalasari, K., & Rahmad. (2021). Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Proyek Warga Global dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, 6(1), 155–164. https://doi.org/10.17977/um019v6i1p155-164

Tanamal, D., & Prasetiyo, W. H. (2023). Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila Berbasis Projek Di Sma Batik 1 Surakarta. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 20(2), 219–233. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v20i2.

UNESCO. (2023). What You Need to Know about Global Citizenship Education. Diambil 3 Januari 2024, dari www.unesco.org website: https://www.unesco.org/en

Usmi, R., & Samsuri, S. (2022). Urgensi Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Global dalam Kurikulum Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan di Abad 21. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, 7(1), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.17977/um019v7i1p149-160

Usmia, R., & Samsuri. (2023). The Innovation of Civic Education Studies in Indonesia: A Theoretical Review of Global Citizenship Education. Proceedings of the 1st UMSurabaya Multidisciplinary International Conference 2021 (MICon 2021), (1), 584–596. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-022-0_62

Žegunienė, V. (2020). Global Citizenship Education: Parents’ Reflections. SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference, 3, 765. https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2020vol3.4821




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v21i1.55115

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 485 times
DOWNLOAD FULL ARTICLE (PDF) - 776 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Heny Mulyani, Kokom Komalasari, Mitra Permatasari, Maria Lufransiya Bribin, Suriaman Suriaman

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

slot gacor slot