Digital Citizenship in the Dynamics of Post-Digital Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v23i1.69367Keywords:
Critical Pedagogy, Digital Citizenship, Postdigital Education, Henry Giroux, Critical Digital CitizenshipAbstract
This study examines the dynamics of digital citizenship in post-digital education through the lens of Henry Giroux's critical pedagogy philosophy. This research is motivated by digital transformation, with the primary concern being the issue of technological determinism in education, which overlooks the need for emancipatory critical awareness. This inquiry philosophy research is based on literature related to post-digital education as a material object and critical pedagogy as a formal object. Methodologically, the study elaborates interpretation, induction and deduction, internal coherence, holism and historical continuity, comparison, heuristics, language inclusiveness, and in-depth reflection on formal and material objects in philosophical research. The study found that Giroux's critical pedagogy positions education as an ethical and political arena against dehumanization in the digital era. The rationality of post-digital education requires metaphysical and epistemological reflection to affirm the existence and implementation of humanistic values in post-digital educational practices. Conceptually, encouraging digital citizenship education to develop beyond technical competence into an emancipatory project of political awareness. So that students critically question their existence in digital power structures. Critical digital citizenship education fosters adaptive, ethical, and sensitive responses to social issues in uncertain future scenarios.
References
Ahmad, D. N. F., & Smith, N. N. (2024). Digital Safety for Women and Children: Legal and Policy Challenges Indonesia, Philippines, and Thailand. Journal of Law and Legal Reform, 5(4), 1673–1696. https://doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v5i4.16539
Ananto, P., & Ningsih, S. K. (2023). An Examination of Indonesian Teachers’ and Students’ Perception and Level of Digital Citizenship. Heliyon, 9(8), e18987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18987
Anggraena, Y., Felicia, N., Eprijum, D., Pratiwi, I., Utama, B., Alhapip, L., & Widiaswati, D. (2022). Kajian Akademik Kurikulum untuk Pemulihan pembelajaran. Pusat Kurikulum dan Pembelajaran.
Bakker, A., & Zubair, A. C. (2007). Metodologi Penelitian ilsafat. Kanisius.
Berry, D. M. (2024). Post-digital Humanities: Computation and Cultural Critique in the Arts and Humanities. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.05922
Bers, M. U. (2007). Civic Identities, Online Technologies: From Designing Civics Curriculum to Supporting Civic Experiences. In W. L. Bennett (Ed.), Civic Life Online: Learning How Digital Media Can Engage Youth (pp. 139–160). The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/7893.003.0007
Bila, N. S., Wahyuni, F. D., & Nurgiansah, T. H. (2023). Peran Penting Civics: Pendidikan Ilmu Kewarganegaraan di Era Masyarakat Digital. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 20(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v20i1.39530
Bough, A., & Sainz, G. M. (2023). Digital Learning Experiences and Spaces: Learning From the Past to Design Better Pedagogical and Curricular Futures. The Curriculum Journal, 34(3), 375–393. https://doi.org/10.1002/curj.184
Buchanan, R. (2011). Paradox, Promise and Public Pedagogy: Implications of the Federal Government’s Digital Education Revolution. Australian Journal of Teacher Education (Online), 36(2), 67–78. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2011v36n8.1
Budiyanto, A., Nugroho, L. E., & Santosa, P. I. (2022). Identification of Important Factors in Digital Citizenship Learning Curriculum. 2022 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC), 209–214. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEC54952.2022.10025120
Burgess, J., Foth, M., & Klaebe, H. (2006). Everyday Creativity As Civic Engagement: A Cultural Citizenship View of New Media. Proceedings 2006 Communications Policy & Research Forum, 1–16. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/5056/
Calzada, I. (2023). Emerging Digital Citizenship Regimes: Pandemic, Algorithmic, Liquid, Metropolitan, and Stateless Citizenships. Citizenship Studies, 27(2), 160–188. https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2021.2012312
Emejulu, A., & McGregor, C. (2019). Towards a Radical Digital Citizenship in Digital Education. Critical Studies in Education, 60(1), 131–147. https://doi.org/10.1080/17508487.2016.1234494
Fauzanafi, M. Z. (2016). Searching for Digital Citizenship: Fighting Corruption in Banten, Indonesia. ASEAS-Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 9(2), 289–294. https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-2016.2-7
Fawns, T. (2019). Postdigital Education in Design and Practice. Postdigital Science and Education, 1(1), 132–145. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-018-0021-8
Fawns, T. (2023). Postdigital Education. In Encyclopedia of Postdigital Science and Education (pp. 1–9). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35469-4_100-1
Ford, D. R., & Jandrić, P. (2024). Postdigital Marxism and Education. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 56(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2021.1930530
Freire, P. (2000). Pedagogy of the Oppressed (M. B. Ramos (trans.)). The Continuum International Publishing Group Inc.
Fuchs, C. (2020). Communication and Capitalism: A Critical Theory. University of Westminster Press.
Giroux, H. A. (2003). Dystopian Nightmares and Educated Hopes: The Return of the Pedagogical and the Promise of Democracy. Policy Futures in Education, 1(3), 467–487. https://doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2003.1.3.3
Giroux, H. A. (2015). Politics After Hope. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315632766
Giroux, H. A. (2018a). Pedagogy and the Politics of Hope: Theory, Culture, and Schooling: A Critical Reader (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429498428
Giroux, H. A. (2018b). Terror of Neoliberalism: Authoritarianism and the Eclipse of Democracy. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315631653
Giroux, H. A. (2020). On Critical Pedagogy (First). Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350145016
Giroux, H. A. (2022). Pedagogy of Resistance: Against Manufactured Ignorance. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Giroux, H. A. (2023a). Education, Culture, and Struggles for Democracy. Editora UFRJ Portugal.
Giroux, H. A. (2023b). Insurrections: Education in an Age of Counter-Revolutionary Politics. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Hardiman, F. B. (2018). Manusia Dalam Prahara Revolusi Digital. Diskursus: Jurnal Filsafat Dan Teologi STF Driyarkara, 17(2), 177–192. https://doi.org/10.36383/diskursus.v17i2.252
Hardiman, F. B. (2021). Aku Klik Maka Aku Ada: Manusia dalam Revolusi Digital. PT Kanisius.
Hogan, M., & Harney, O. (2022). Postdigital Applied Systems Science Education: Toward an Integral Framework, Curriculum, and Pedagogy. Postdigital Science and Education, 4(3), 814–842. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-022-00305-4
Jandrić, P., & Hayes, S. (2020). Postdigital We-Learn. Studies in Philosophy and Education, 39(3), 285–297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11217-020-09711-2
Jandrić, P., & Knox, J. (2022). The Postdigital Turn: Philosophy, Education, Research. Policy Futures in Education, 20(7), 780–795. https://doi.org/10.1177/14782103211062713
Japar, M., Casmana, A. R., Adha, M. M., & Fadhillah, D. N. (2024). Students’ Perspectives on Civic Education through Digital Citizenship in The Virtual Era. European Journal of Educational Research, 13(1), 89–102. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.13.1.89
Kabatiah, M., Batubara, A., Ramadhan, T., & Rachman, F. (2024). Pedagogical Competence of Civic Education Teacher in 21st Century: A Systematic Literature Review. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 21(2), 139–150. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v21i2.53446
Khairunnisa, A., & Apoko, T. W. (2023). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Digital Berbasis Aplikasi Canva Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan Untuk Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 20(2), 191–203. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v20i2.48898
Knox, J. (2019). What Does the ‘Postdigital’ Mean for Education? Three Critical Perspectives on the Digital, with Implications for Educational Research and Practice. Postdigital Science and Education, 1(2), 357–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-019-00045-y
Lehdonvirta, V. (2022). Cloud Empires: How Digital Platforms are Overtaking the State and How We Can Regain Control. Mit press.
Light, A., & Akama, Y. (2014). Structuring Future Social Relations. Proceedings of the 13th Participatory Design Conference on Research Papers-PDC ’14, 151–160. https://doi.org/10.1145/2661435.2661438
Maboloc, C. R. (2020). Critical Pedagogy in the New Normal. Voices in Bioethics, 6, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.7916/vib.v6i.6888
Maharani, S. D., Amin, K., & Taufiqoh, A. F. (2022). Technological Progress, Artificial Intelligence Development and Ethical Paradigms. Wisdom, 22(2), 104–117. https://doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v22i2.636
Malott, C., & Ford, D. (2015). Marx, Capital, and Education: Towards a Critical Pedagogy of Becoming (5th ed.). Peter Lang Inc.
Markauskaite, L., Marrone, R., Poquet, O., Knight, S., Martinez-Maldonado, R., Howard, S., Tondeur, J., De Laat, M., Buckingham Shum, S., Gašević, D., & Siemens, G. (2022). Rethinking the Entwinement between Artificial Intelligence and Human Learning: What Capabilities Do Learners Need for a World with AI? Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3(100056), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100056
Merlano, A. A., Chamorro, A., & Quintero, M. (2021). Ciudadanías Movedizas: Ciberpolítica Y Los Dilemas De Twitter Como Esfera Pública/Privada. RECERCA. Revista de Pensament i Anàlisi, 26(2), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.6035/recerca.5511
Mittelstadt, B. D., Allo, P., Taddeo, M., Wachter, S., & Floridi, L. (2016). The Ethics of Algorithms: Mapping the Debate. Big Data & Society, 3(2), 104–117. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951716679679
Mossberger, K., Kaplan, D., & Gilbert, M. A. (2008). Going Online Without Easy Eccess: A tale of Three Cities. Journal of Urban Affairs, 30(5), 469–488. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9906.2008.00414.x
Myers, J. P. (2022). Creating the Digital Citizen: Students’ Co-construction of Meaning for Global Citizenship During Online Discussions. Asian Education and Development Studies, 11(4), 592–605. https://doi.org/10.1108/AEDS-09-2020-0218
Napitupulu, E. L. (2022). Digitalisasi untuk Atasi Hambatan Pendidikan. Kompas. https://www.kompas.id/artikel/digitalisai-pendidikan-untuk-atasi-hambatan-kemajuan-pendidikan
Napitupulu, E. L. (2023a). Digitalisasi Pendidikan Bukan Sekadar Beralih ke Platform. Kompas. https://www.kompas.id/artikel/digitalisasi-pendidikan-bukan-sekadar-beralih-ke-platform
Napitupulu, E. L. (2023b). Pendidikan Perlu Bekali Siswa dengan Kecakapan dan Kecerdasan. Kompas. https://www.kompas.id/artikel/pendidikan-perlu-bekali-siswa-dengan-kecakapan-dan-kecerdasan-baru
Nuryatno, M. A. (2011). Mazhab Pendidikan Kritis: Menyingkap Relasi Pengetahuan, Politik, dan Kekuasaan. Resist Book.
O’Hara, I. (2022). Automated Epistemology: Bots, Computational Propaganda & Information Literacy Instruction. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 48(4), 102540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2022.102540
Örtegren, A. (2022). Digital Citizenship and Professional Digital Competence—Swedish Subject Teacher Education in a Postdigital Era. Postdigital Science and Education, 4(2), 467–493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-022-00291-7
Pando, B. M. (2014). Hiruk Pikuk Jaringan Sosial Terhubung: Refleksi Filsafat Teknologi atas Jaringan Sosial Terhubung. PT Kanisius.
Patria, N. (2024). Horizon Pembangunan Digital Indonesia 2025-2030: Gagasan Kebijakan dan Strategi. Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika.
Pei, D., & Bao, D. (2020). Constructing the Theoretical Model of the Future Development of China’s Basic Education in the Period of Great Strategic Opportunities. In Constructing a Future Development Model for China’s Basic Education (pp. 55–99). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7333-0_3
Pepperell, R., & Punt, M. (2000). The Postdigital Membrane: Imagination, Technology and Desire. Intellect Books.
Peters, M. A. (2012). Bio-informational Capitalism. Thesis Eleven, 110(1), 98–111. https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513612444562
Peters, M. A., & Besley, T. (2019). Critical Philosophy of the Postdigital. Postdigital Science and Education, 1(1), 29–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-018-0004-9
Peters, M. A., Jandrić, P., & Hayes, S. (2023). Postdigital-biodigital: An Emerging Configuration. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 55(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2020.1867108
Prasetiyo, W. H., Naidu, N. B. M., Tan, B. P., & Sumardjoko, B. (2021). Digital Citizenship Trend in Educational Sphere: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 10(4), 1192–1201. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i4.21767
Prasetiyo, W. H., Sumardjoko, B., Muhibbin, A., Naidu, N. B. M., & Muthali’in, A. (2023). Promoting Digital Citizenship among Student-Teachers: The Role of Project-Based Learning in Improving Appropriate Online Behaviors. Participatory Educational Research, 10(1), 389–407. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.23.21.10.1
Precalya, H. M., & Darwan. (2021). Link & Match Pendidikan sebagai Ideologi Neoliberalisme (Analisis Wacana tentang Dominasi Elit dalam Pendidikan Kejuruan di Indonesia). JISIP (Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Pendidikan), 5(4), 1416–1425. https://doi.org/10.58258/jisip.v5i4.2561
Saa, S. (2024). Merdeka Curriculum: Adaptation of Indonesian Education Policy in the Digital Era and Global Challenges. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, 18(3), e07323. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n3-168
Saputra, A. M. A., Putra, P. P., Gani, I. P., Nuraini, I., & Fatmasari, F. H. (2023). The Correlation Between the Merdeka Curriculum and Teaching Challenges in the Digital Era in Indonesian Secondary Schools: Qualitative Analysis Study. International Journal of Teaching and Learning (INJOTEL), 1(2), 139–150. https://injotel.org/index.php/12/article/view/12
Saputra, N. D., & Saputra, M. (2024). Pemenuhan Hak Warga Negara Untuk Menyampaikan Pendapat dalam Memperkuat Digital Citizenship Melalui Sambat Online Pemerintah Kota Malang. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 21(2), 265–282. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v21i2.62116
Sari, D. I., Rejekiningsih, T., & Muchtarom, M. (2020). Students’ Digital Ethics Profile in the Era of Disruption: An Overview from the Internet Use at Risk in Surakarta City, Indonesia. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (IJIM), 14(03), 82–93. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i03.12207
Seto, A. (2017). Netizenship, Activism and Online Community Transformation in Indonesia. Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5397-9
Shields, R. (2005). The Virtual (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203987186
Simsek, E., & Simsek, A. (2013). New Literacies for Digital Citizenship. Contemporary Educational Technology, 4(2), 126–137. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/6097
Siregar, C. A., & Rachman, F. (2024). Construction of Civic Knowledge about Morality through the Development of Digital-Based Learning. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 21(2), 65–73. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v21i2.53446
Taffel, S. (2016). Perspectives on The Postdigital: Beyond Rhetorics of Progress and Novelty. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 22(3), 324–338. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856514567827
Topkaya, E. Z., & Yavuz, A. (2011). Democratic Values and Teacher Self-Efficacy Perceptions: A Case of Pre-Service English Language Teachers in Turkey. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 36(8), 67–78. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2011v36n8.1
Triwiyanto, T., Mubarika, F. D., Adriansyah, R. R., Dilshad, R. M., Agustina, G., Fitria, E. W. N., & Abusamra, A. (2022). Digital Technology Transformation and Empowerment of Technology: A New Paradigm of Classroom Management for an “Merdeka Belajar” Policy in Indonesia. 2022 8th International Conference on Education and Technology (ICET), 293–297. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET56879.2022.9990725
Usmi, R., Budimansyah, D., Rahmat, Siti Masyitoh, I., Sari, B. I., & Eprilianto, D. F. (2025). Building Inclusive Citizenship: A Study in Yogyakarta Societies. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 22(2), 180–198. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v22i2.64727
Utomo, M. D., Ismail, M., Sawaludin, L. S., & Sumardi, L. (2023). Pengembangan Digital Citizenship Melalui Pojok Baca Digital di Masyarakat Karang Bedil Kota Mataram. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 20(2), 179–190. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v20i2.48274
Villar-Onrubia, D., Morini, L., Marín, V. I., & Nascimbeni, F. (2022). Critical Digital Literacy as a Key For (Post) Digital Citizenship: An International Review of Teacher Competence Frameworks. Journal of E-Learning and Knowledge Society, 18(3), 128–139. https://doi.org/10.20368/1971-8829/1135697
von Gillern, S., Korona, M., Wright, W., Gould, H., & Haskey-Valerius, B. (2024). Media Literacy, Digital Citizenship and Their Relationship: Perspectives of Preservice Teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education, 138(104404). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2023.104404
Webster, J. (2024). Updating Digital Citizenship Education for a Postdigital Society. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 59(1), 109–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40841-023-00305-3
Wendt, T. (2021). Organized Futures. On the Ambiguity of the Digital Absorption of Uncertainty. Frontiers in Education, 6(554336), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.554336
Wibowo, A. S. (2017). Paideia: Filsafat Pendidikan–Politik Platon. PT Kanisius.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Feriyansyah, Siti Murtiningsih, Hastanti Widy Nugroho

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors published with the Jurnal Kewarganegaraan agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. (See The Effect of Open Access)
Licence

Jurnal Kewarganegaraan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.






