Penilaian Erosi Berdasarkan Metode USLE dan Arahan Konservasi Pada DAS Air Dingin Bagian Hulu Kota Padang-Sumatera Barat

Aprizon Putra; Triyatno Triyatno; Azhari Syarief; Dedi Hermon

doi:10.24114/jg.v10i1.7176

Penilaian Erosi Berdasarkan Metode USLE dan Arahan Konservasi Pada DAS Air Dingin Bagian Hulu Kota Padang-Sumatera Barat

Aprizon Putra, Triyatno Triyatno, Azhari Syarief, Dedi Hermon

Abstract

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi penggunaan lahan pada DAS Air Dingin bagian hulu di Kota Padang berdasarkan tingkat bahaya erosi dan arahan konservasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat bahaya erosi ditentukan berdasarkan rumus Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) dan arahan konservasi mengacu pada modifikasi dari Kumajas (1992). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahaya erosi sangat ringan yaitu 5.93 ton/ha/tahun dengan luas 58.61 ha, erosi ringan yaitu 43.9 ton/ha/tahun dengan luas 24.49 ha, erosi sedang yaitu 181.64 ton/ha/tahun dengan luas 3.91 ha, dan erosi berat yaitu 74.91 ton/ha/tahun dengan luas 4.33 ha. Sedangkan arahan konservasi pada erosi sangat ringan dibiarkan dalam keadaan alami, erosi ringan dilakukan dengan pembuatan teras bangku, erosi sedang dilakukan dengan rotasi tanaman dengan teras berdasarkan lebar (pemanfaatan mulsa), dan erosi berat dilakukan dengan teras bangku (penggarapan dengan tenaga manusia).

Kata Kunci: Erosi, Konservasi, DAS, Air Dingin bagian hulu, Kota Padang

Abstract

This research was conducted to identify the land use on the upstream part of Air Dingin Watershed in Koto Tangah Sub-district, Padang City based on the level of erosion and conservation directives. The method used to determine the level of erosion is determined based on Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) formula and conservation directives refers to the modification by Kumajas(1992). The results showed very mild erosion is 5.93 tons/ha/year with an area of 58.61 ha, mild erosion is 43.9 tons/ha/year with an area of 24.49 ha, moderate erosion is 181.64 tons/ha/year with an area of 3.91 ha, and heavy erosion is 74.91 tons/ha/year with broad 4.33 ha. While conservation directives on very mild erosion were left in a natural state, mild erosion is performed with a bench terracing, moderate erosion is being done by crop rotation with a terrace based on a width (mulsa utilization), and heavy erosion is done with a bench porch (cultivating with human labour).

Keywords: Erosion, Conservation, Watershed, Upstream Part of Air Dingin, Padang City

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/jg.v10i1.7176