Publication Ethics

Jurnal Geografi is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and scholarly integrity. This policy is guided by the principles and core practices of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and applies to authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher.

The journal is committed to ensuring that all published work is original, reliable, transparent, ethically conducted, and free from research and publication misconduct.

1. Duties of Authors

Authors are responsible for ensuring that submitted manuscripts represent original scholarly work and comply with ethical standards.

Authors must:

  • submit only original work that has not been published previously and is not under consideration by another journal;

  • accurately present research data, methods, analyses, and findings;

  • appropriately cite and acknowledge all sources used;

  • avoid plagiarism, data fabrication, data falsification, duplicate publication, redundant publication, and citation manipulation;

  • disclose all potential conflicts of interest;

  • identify all sources of research funding;

  • obtain appropriate ethical approval for research involving humans, animals, or sensitive data where applicable;

  • ensure that all individuals listed as authors have made a substantial contribution to the work; and

  • cooperate with editors in responding to questions, corrections, or investigations related to the manuscript.

Authors must not submit the same manuscript simultaneously to more than one journal.

2. Authorship and Contributorship

Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made a substantial contribution to the conception, design, execution, analysis, interpretation, or writing of the research.

All authors must:

  • approve the final version of the manuscript;

  • agree to its submission for publication; and

  • take responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the work.

Individuals who contributed to the research but do not meet the criteria for authorship should be acknowledged appropriately.

Changes to authorship after submission, including the addition, removal, or rearrangement of authors, must be approved by all authors and justified to the editor.

Jurnal Geografi encourages authors to describe individual contributions using the CRediT Contributor Roles Taxonomywhere appropriate.

3. Plagiarism and Similarity

Jurnal Geografi does not tolerate plagiarism or other forms of improper attribution.

All submitted manuscripts are screened using the Turnitin application. Jurnal Geografi permits a maximum similarity rate of 10%.

Similarity screening is an editorial tool and is not interpreted solely by a numerical percentage. The editorial team may examine the nature, location, and source of detected similarity before making a decision.

Manuscripts containing plagiarism, inappropriate copying, unattributed material, or other serious ethical violations may be rejected.

If plagiarism is discovered after publication, Jurnal Geografi may issue a correction, retraction, or other appropriate notice depending on the severity of the case.

4. Use of Artificial Intelligence

Jurnal Geografi permits limited use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools to support manuscript preparation, including language improvement, grammar correction, translation assistance, and other non-substantive editorial tasks.

AI-generated content should not exceed 20% of the manuscript content.

Authors who use generative AI or AI-assisted technologies must transparently disclose:

  • the name of the AI tool used;

  • the purpose for which it was used; and

  • the section or part of the manuscript in which AI assistance was applied.

AI tools must not be used to:

  • fabricate or manipulate research data;

  • falsify research results;

  • fabricate references or citations;

  • replace the authors' scientific reasoning, analysis, interpretation, or scholarly judgment;

  • generate misleading figures, images, tables, or research evidence; or

  • conceal plagiarism or other forms of academic misconduct.

AI tools cannot be listed as authors or co-authors.

The results of AI-detection tools will not be used as the sole basis for editorial decisions. Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and ethical compliance of all submitted content.

5. Data Fabrication and Falsification

Authors must not fabricate, manipulate, omit, or misrepresent research data or findings.

Fabrication includes creating data or results that did not occur.

Falsification includes manipulating research materials, processes, images, data, or results to misrepresent the research.

Suspected cases of fabrication or falsification may be investigated by the editorial team and may result in rejection, correction, retraction, or notification to the relevant institution where appropriate.

6. Duplicate and Redundant Publication

Authors must not submit or publish substantially the same manuscript in more than one journal.

Jurnal Geografi considers duplicate or redundant publication to include:

  • simultaneous submission of the same manuscript to different journals;

  • republication of substantially identical content without appropriate disclosure;

  • inappropriate fragmentation of a single study into multiple publications; and

  • reuse of substantial portions of previously published work without proper citation or justification.

Secondary publication may be considered only when it is clearly justified, fully disclosed, appropriately cited, and permitted by the original publisher.

7. Citation Practices

Authors must ensure that citations are accurate, relevant, and used for legitimate scholarly purposes.

Citation manipulation is prohibited, including:

  • excessive self-citation without scholarly justification;

  • coercive citation;

  • citation cartels;

  • irrelevant citation intended solely to increase citation counts; and

  • requiring authors to cite articles from Jurnal Geografi without legitimate academic relevance.

Editors and reviewers must not pressure authors to add unnecessary citations.

8. Research Ethics

Research involving human participants, animals, personal data, indigenous communities, or environmentally sensitive subjects must comply with relevant ethical standards and applicable regulations.

Where required, authors must provide information regarding:

  • ethical approval;

  • informed consent;

  • institutional review board or ethics committee approval;

  • confidentiality and privacy protection; and

  • permissions for the use of sensitive or restricted data.

Editors may request supporting ethical documentation when necessary.

9. Conflicts of Interest

Authors, reviewers, and editors must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflict of interest that could influence the interpretation, review, or editorial decision.

Conflicts of interest may include:

  • financial relationships;

  • employment;

  • institutional affiliations;

  • personal relationships;

  • academic competition;

  • intellectual property interests; or

  • other circumstances that may compromise impartiality.

Disclosure of a conflict of interest does not automatically prevent publication, but transparency is required.

10. Duties of Editors

Editors are responsible for ensuring the integrity, fairness, confidentiality, and quality of the editorial process.

Editors must:

  • evaluate manuscripts based on academic merit, originality, methodological quality, relevance, and ethical compliance;

  • make decisions independently and without discrimination;

  • protect the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts;

  • avoid conflicts of interest;

  • ensure that manuscripts receive appropriate peer review;

  • act on allegations of misconduct when credible concerns are raised;

  • publish corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern when necessary; and

  • protect the integrity of the scholarly record.

Editorial decisions must not be influenced by nationality, ethnicity, gender, religion, institutional affiliation, political views, or commercial considerations.

11. Duties of Reviewers

Reviewers play an essential role in maintaining Jurnal Geografi's scientific quality and integrity.

Reviewers must:

  • provide objective, constructive, and timely assessments;

  • maintain confidentiality;

  • disclose conflicts of interest;

  • decline review assignments outside their expertise;

  • identify relevant uncited work where appropriate;

  • avoid personal criticism of authors;

  • not use unpublished material for personal or professional advantage; and

  • report suspected plagiarism, duplicate publication, fabrication, falsification, or other ethical concerns to the editor.

Reviewers and editors must not upload confidential manuscripts, reviewer reports, or editorial materials into publicly accessible generative AI systems.

12. Confidentiality

All manuscripts, reviewer reports, editorial correspondence, and supporting documents are treated as confidential.

Information concerning submitted manuscripts must not be disclosed to unauthorized parties.

Editors and reviewers must not use unpublished information obtained through the peer review process for personal advantage or unrelated research.

13. Editorial Independence

Jurnal Geografi is committed to editorial independence.

Editorial decisions are based solely on:

  • academic merit;

  • originality;

  • scientific quality;

  • methodological rigor;

  • relevance to the journal;

  • ethical compliance; and

  • contribution to the field.

The publisher, institution, sponsors, advertisers, or other external parties must not interfere with editorial decisions.

14. Complaints and Appeals

Authors may submit complaints or appeals regarding editorial decisions or journal procedures.

Appeals must provide clear academic or procedural grounds and should not simply express disagreement with the outcome.

Complaints and appeals will be reviewed fairly and, where appropriate, by an editor who was not directly involved in the original decision.

The submission of an appeal does not guarantee that the original decision will be changed.

15. Allegations of Research Misconduct

Jurnal Geografi takes allegations of research and publication misconduct seriously.

Potential misconduct may include:

  • plagiarism;

  • fabrication;

  • falsification;

  • unethical research;

  • inappropriate authorship;

  • undisclosed conflicts of interest;

  • peer review manipulation;

  • citation manipulation;

  • duplicate publication; and

  • other violations of publication ethics.

The journal will evaluate credible allegations fairly and confidentially.

Where appropriate, Jurnal Geografi may contact authors, reviewers, institutions, or other relevant parties to clarify or investigate concerns.

Decisions may include rejection, correction, retraction, expression of concern, or other appropriate editorial action.

16. Corrections

Jurnal Geografi may publish a correction when an error is identified in a published article that does not invalidate the overall findings but requires clarification or amendment.

Corrections will be clearly identified and linked to the original article.

The original article will remain part of the scholarly record unless retraction is necessary.

17. Retractions

An article may be retracted when there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable or that serious research or publication misconduct has occurred.

Reasons for retraction may include:

  • fabrication or falsification;

  • plagiarism;

  • duplicate publication;

  • serious methodological or ethical violations;

  • manipulation of the peer review process; or

  • other circumstances that significantly undermine the reliability or integrity of the article.

Retraction notices will clearly state the reason for retraction and remain permanently accessible.

18. Expressions of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued when serious concerns about a published article exist, but the available evidence is inconclusive or an investigation is ongoing.

The notice will link to the original article and will be updated as further information becomes available.

19. Post-Publication Discussion

Jurnal Geografi supports responsible post-publication discussion and scholarly correction.

Readers, authors, and researchers may report concerns about published work to the editorial office.

Credible concerns will be evaluated in accordance with the journal's ethical policies and COPE principles.

Where necessary, the journal may publish a correction, response, expression of concern, or retraction.

20. Publisher Responsibilities

The publisher of Jurnal Geografi supports the editorial team in maintaining publication ethics, editorial independence, long-term preservation, and the integrity of the scholarly record.

The publisher does not interfere with individual editorial decisions and supports appropriate actions in cases of publication misconduct.

21. Reference to COPE

Jurnal Geografi follows the principles and guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in addressing publication ethics, authorship disputes, conflicts of interest, peer review concerns, corrections, retractions, and allegations of research misconduct.

Further information about COPE and its guidance is available at:

https://publicationethics.org/