Keterjangkauan Fasilitas Publik di Kawasan Pulau-Pulau Kecil : Studi Kasus Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu

Hafidz Wibisono; Azis Musthofa; Indrawan Haryanto

doi:10.24114/jg.v11i2.10638

Keterjangkauan Fasilitas Publik di Kawasan Pulau-Pulau Kecil : Studi Kasus Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu

Hafidz Wibisono, Azis Musthofa, Indrawan Haryanto

Abstract

Ukuran daratan yang kecil, populasi yang sedikit, sumber daya terbatas, dan isolasi geografis merupakan karakteristik khusus yang menjadikan kawasan pulau-pulau kecil objek yang menarik untuk diteliti. Dalam konteks penyediaan fasilitas publik, bukan hanya ketersediaan fasilitas yang menjadi fokus perhatian, namun keterjangkauan fasilitas dari kawasan permukiman yang tersebar di berbagai pulau menjadi hal yang penting untuk dipertimbangkan. Terbatasnya jaringan transportasi, serta moda transportasi publik merupakan beberapa keterbatasan yang harus diatasi dalam menyediakan pelayanan publik di kawasan pulau-pulau kecil. Dengan menggunakan studi kasus di Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu, penelitian ini memberikan gambaran secara empiris terkait dengan isu ketersediaan dan keterjangkauan fasilitas publik di kawasan pulau-pulau kecil. Adapun penelitian ini menemukan bahwa masyarakat di beberapa pulau berpenghuni masih membutuhkan waktu tempuh yang cukup lama untuk mengakses layanan beberapa fasilitas public.

Kata kunci: pulau kecil, keterjangkauan, ketersediaan, fasilitas

Limited land size and resources, small population, and geographically isolated are particular characteristics that make small islands an interesting research object. In the context of facilities provision, the accessibility of the facilities from residential areas which spread across several island is as important as the facilities availability. Lack of network between islands, limited publik transportation are some of constraints that have to overcome in providing equitable facilities. By using a case study in Administration Regency of Kepulauan Seribu, this research provides an empirical description related to the availability and accessibility of public facilities in small islands. Furthermore, this research found that several public facilities are still difficult to be accessed by communities in certain islands.

Key words: small islands, accessibility, availability, facilities

Full Text:

PDF

References

Baldacchino, G. (2004). THE COMING OF AGE OF ISLAND STUDIES. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 95(3), 272–283. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.2004.00307.x

Baldacchino, G. (2007). Islands as Novelty Sites. Geographical Review, 97(2), 165–174.

Bunnell, T., & Miller, M. A. (2011). Jakarta in Post-Suharto Indonesia: Decentralisation, Neo-liberalism and Global City Aspiration. Space and Polity, 15(1), 35–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562576.2011.567899

Dadashpoor, H., & Rostami, F. (2017). Measuring spatial proportionality between service availability, accessibility and mobility: Empirical evidence using spatial equity approach in Iran. Journal of Transport Geography, 65, 44–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.10.002

Firman, T. (2009). The continuity and change in mega-urbanization in Indonesia: A survey of Jakarta–Bandung Region (JBR) development. Habitat International, 33(4), 327–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2008.08.005

Gutiérrez, J., & Urbano, P. (1996). Accessibility in the European Union: the impact of the trans-European road network. Journal of Transport Geography, 4(1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/0966-6923(95)00042-9

Hellman, J., Thynell, M., & Voorst, R. van. (2018). Jakarta: Claiming spaces and rights in the city. Routledge.

Hudalah, D., & Firman, T. (2012). Beyond property: Industrial estates and post-suburban transformation in Jakarta Metropolitan Region. Cities, 29(1), 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2011.07.003

Karampela, S., Kizos, T., & Spilanis, I. (2014). Accessibility of islands: towards a new geography based on transportation modes and choices. Island Studies Journal, 9(2), 293–306.

King, R. (2009). Geography, Islands and Migration in an Era of Global Mobility. Island Studies Journal, 4(1), 53–84.

Mehmood, A. (2009). Understanding spatial development and interactions in small islands (pp. 1–22). Presented at the the Annual Regional Studies Association Conference Understanding and Shaping Regions: Spatial, Social and Economic Futures, Leuven, Belgium.

Mujiyani., Hidayati, D., Rachmawati, L., Soetopo, T., Aji, GB., Cahyadi, R. (2002). Pengelolaan Pulau-Pulau Kecil: Partisipasi Masyarakat di Kepulauan Seribu. Jakarta: PPK-LIPI

Murakami, A., Medrial Zain, A., Takeuchi, K., Tsunekawa, A., &

Yokota, S. (2005). Trends in urbanization and patterns of land use in the Asian mega cities Jakarta, Bangkok, and Metro Manila. Landscape and Urban Planning, 70(3), 251–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2003.10.021

Nurse, L. A., Sem, G., Hay, J. E., Suarez, A. G., Wong, P. P., Briguglio, L., & Ragoonaden, S. (2001). Small island states. Climate change, 843-875.

Royle, S. A. (2002). Geography Of Islands. Routledge.

Spilanis, I., Kizos, T., & Petsioti, P. (2012). Accessibility of Peripheral Regions: Evidence from Aegean Islands (Greece). Island Studies Journal, 7(2), 199–214.

Tamim, O. (2000). Perencanaan dan Permodelan Transportasi (2nd ed.). Penerbit ITB.

Winarso, H., Hudalah, D., & Firman, T. (2015). Peri-urban transformation in the Jakarta metropolitan area. Habitat International, 49, 221–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.05.024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/jg.v11i2.10638