Analisis Dampak Pembangunan Infrastruktur Bandara Internasional Jawa Barat Terhadap Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Melalui Citra Satelit Resolusi Tinggi
Abstract
Pembangunan infrastruktur seperti bandara akan menyebabkan perubahan penggunaan lahan pada area tersebut dan sekitarnya. Perubahan ini, terutama jika wilayah bandara berada pada wilayah yang dominan dengan lahan pertanian maka akan berpotensi mengubah fungsi lahan pertanian tersebut menjadi lahan non pertanian. Pembangunan infrastruktur bandara termasuk aksesnya akan mendorong pertumbuhan wilayah dan pertumbuhan ekonomi di wilayah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeteksi perubahan penggunaan lahan di wilayah Bandara Internasional Jawa Barat (BIJB) Kertajati khususnya alih fungsi lahan pertanian ke non pertanian. Metode yang diusulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi perubahan penggunaan lahan pada area kajian menggunakan data SPOT multitemporal dimana dilakukan klasifikasi perpaduan antara segmentasi objek secara digital menggunakan metode multiresolution segmentation dan penentuan kelas penggunaan lahan secara visual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi penurunan luasan sejak 2013 hingga 2018 di wilayah kajian yaitu dari 5.822,80 ha pada tahun 2013 menjadi 5.347,30 ha selama kurun waktu 2013-2018.
Kata kunci: penginderaan jauh, perubahan penggunaan lahan, pembangunan infrastruktur
The construction of infrastructure such as airport will cause changes in land use in the area and its surroundings. This change, especially if the airport area is in the dominant area with agricultural land or ricefield, will potentially change the function of the ricefield into non-agricultural land. The construction of airport infrastructure, including its access, will drive regional growth and economic growth in the region. The purpose of this research is to detect changes of land use in the West Java International Airport (BIJB) Kertajati region, West Java, especially the conversion of ricefield to non-agricultural land. The method proposed in this study is to identify changes of land use in the study area using multitemporal SPOT data where the hybrid classification is done with digital object segmentation method using multiresolution segmentation and the determination of land use classes with visual interpretation. The result shows that there had been a decrease in the area of ricefield from 5,822.80 hectares in 2013 became 5,347.30 hectares during the period 2013-2018.
Keyword: remote sensing, land-use change, infrastructure development
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/jg.v11i2.13470
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