Tsunami Susceptibility Assessment Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation in Watukarung, Pacitan
Abstract
Tsunamis are natural hazards that have the potential to cause significant damage and losses to the South Coast of Java. As the initial foundation for local spatial planning and risk reduction, preparing a tsunami susceptibility mapping is imperative to minimize the disaster's impact. This study aims to identify the spatial distribution of tsunami susceptibility in Watukarung Village, Pacitan Regency, using the Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) method. The variables involved in the modeling include landform, elevation, slope, distance from the shoreline, and distance from the river. The value and weight of each factor were determined using the pairwise technique in the SMCE framework. The research results indicated that the tsunami susceptibility in Watukarung comprises four classes: safe (598.40 ha), low (9.68 ha), moderate (23.92 ha), and high (25.13 ha). The areas most prone to tsunamis are generally identified in the southern part of Watukarung, which is generally associated with beach or alluvial plain landforms, very close to shore, and low land elevation. Ironically, human settlements and coastal tourism are overgrowing in the tsunami-prone zone, highlighting that risk reduction measures must be implemented optimally to anticipate tsunami hazards. As a recommendation, further research must be carried out to comprehensively represent the tsunami risk in the Watukarung coastal region.
Keyword: Tsunami, Susceptibility, Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation, Watukarung, Pacitan
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Akbar, F. S., Vira, B. A., Doni, L. R., Putra, H. E., & Efriyanti, A. (2020). Aplikasi Metode Weighted Overlay untuk Pemetaan Zona Keterpaparan Permukiman Akibat Tsunami (Studi Kasus: Kota Bengkulu dan Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah). Jurnal Geosains Dan Remote Sensing, 1(1), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.23960/jgrs.2020.v1i1.17
Alwi, M., & Mutaqin, B. W. (2022). Geospatial Mapping of Tsunami Susceptibility in Parangtritis Coastal Areas of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 15, 1332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10608-2
Amri, I., Alami, R. R., & Serlia, A. (2023). Population Distribution Analysis in Banda Aceh City for Tsunami Disaster Risk Reduction. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1173(1), 012052. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1173/1/012052
Amri, I., & Giyarsih, S. R. (2022). Monitoring Urban Physical Growth in Tsunami-Affected Areas: A Case Study of Banda Aceh City, Indonesia. GeoJournal, 87(3), 1929-1944. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-020-10362-6
Berryman, K. (2006). Review of Tsunami Hazard and Risk in New Zealand. New Zealand: Institute of Geological and Nuclear Science.
Biswas, S., & Sil, A. (2023). Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment and Multi-Criteria Decision Making Analysis of Eastern Coast of India Using GIS-Based Tools. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 27, 1270-1287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-023-1493-y
BNPB. (2018). Modul Teknis Penyusunan Kajian Risiko Bencana Tsunami Versi 1.0. Jakarta: BNPB.
BPS Kabupaten Pacitan. (2022). Kecamatan Pringkuku Dalam Angka 2022. Pacitan: BPS Kabupaten Pacitan.
Cutter, S. L. (2013). Vulnerability. 1088-1090 pp. In Bobrowsky, P.T. (eds) Encyclopedia of natural hazards. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_40
De Reu, J., Bourgeois, J., Bats, M., Zwertvaegher, A., Gelorini, V., de Smedt, P., Chu, W., Antrop, M., de Maeyer, P., Finke, P., van Meirvenne, M., Verniers, J., & Crombe, P. (2013). Application of the Topographic Position Index to Heterogeneous Landscapes. Geomorphology, 186, 39-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.12.015
Domínguez-Cuesta, M. J. (2013). Susceptibility. 98 pp. In Bobrowsky, P.T. (eds) Encyclopedia of natural hazards. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_340
Harahap, R. G., Adnyani, L. P., Dianiswara, A. (2019). Rekonstruksi dan Simulasi Penjalaran Tsunami Banyuwangi 1994 Menggunakan Mike 21 Flow Model. Jurnal Inovtek Polbeng, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.35314/ip.v9i1.900
Hidayah, Z., Rohmah, N. N., & Wardhani, M. K. (2022). Coastal Vulnerability Study on Potential Impact of Tsunami and Community Resilience in Pacitan Bay East Java. Forum Geografi, 36(1), 66-79. https://doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v36i1.17160
Hoppe, M. W., & Spahn, H. (2009). Guidebook Tsunami Hazard Mapping for the District Level. Jakarta: GITEWS.
Husein, Z., Tjahjono, B., & Nurwajedi. (2017). Analisis Zona Bahaya Banjir dan Tsunami Berbasis Ekoregion di Provinsi Banten. Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan, 19(2), 60-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitl.19.2.60-67
Jamilah, Z., Widodo, A., & Ariyanti, N. (2021). Mapping Tsunami Hazard Levels in Pacitan Beach Using Remote Sensing Methods. Journal of Marine-Earth Science Technology, 2(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.12962/j27745449.v2i1.64
Julzarika, A., & Harintaka (2019). Indonesian DEMNAS: DSM or DTM? IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Geoscience, Electronics and Remote Sensing Technology (AGERS), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1109/AGERS48446.2019.9034351
Laksono, F. A. T., Widagdo, A., Aditama, M. R., Fauzan, M. R., & Kovács, J. (2022). Tsunami Hazard Zone and Multiple Scenarios of Tsunami Evacuation Route at Jetis Beach, Cilacap Regency, Indonesia. Sustainability, 14, 2726. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052726
Latifah, A. (2022). Pemodelan Tsunami pada Zona Megathrust Pantai Selatan Jawa menggunakan Community Model Interface for Tsunami (ComMIT). Unnes Physics Education Journal. 11(1), 78-87. https://doi.org/10.15294/upej.v11i1.59054
Lessy, M. R., & Sabar, M. (2021). Mapping Tsunami Vulnerability Area for Bacan Sub-District and Its Surroundings – North Maluku Province. E3S Web of Conferences, 328, 04024. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132804024
Mardiatno, D., Malawani, M.N., & Nisaa’, R.M. (2020). The Future Tsunami Risk Potential as a Consequence of Building Development in Pangandaran Region, West Java, Indonesia. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 46, 101523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101523
Mutaqin, B.W., Amri, I., & Aditya, B. (2020). Pola Kejadian Tsunami dan Perkembangan Manajemen Bencana di Indonesia Setelah Tsunami Samudra Hindia 2004: Sebuah Tinjauan. Jurnal Lingkungan dan Bencana Geologi, 11(2), 73-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.34126/jlbg.v11i2.302
Nadim, F. (2013). Hazard. 425-426 pp. In Bobrowsky, P.T. (eds) Encyclopedia of natural hazards. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_164
Nur, A. M. (2010). Gempa Bumi, Tsunami dan Mitigasinya. Jurnal Geografi, 7(1), 66-73. https://doi.org/10.15294/jg.v7i1.92
Oktaviana, Dewi, P. U., Wahdini, M., Prasiamratri, N., Alghifarry, M. B., & Utami, N. A. (2020). Aplikasi SIG untuk Pemetaan Zona Tingkat Bahaya dan Keterpaparan Permukiman Terhadap Tsunami Kota Denpasar. Jurnal Geosains dan Remote Sensing, 1(2), 80-88. https://doi.org/10.23960/jgrs.2020.v1i2.28
Pratiwi, D. (2016). The Evaluation of Coastal Vegetation Structures and Their Function to Reduce Tsunami Hazard in Pacitan Bay. Thesis. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Safira, F. A., Muryani, C., & Tjahjono, G. A. (2022). Tsunami Susceptibility Analysis in Coastal Area Petanahan District, Kebumen Regency. Jambura Geoscience Review, 4(2), 110-122. https://doi.org/10.34312/jgeosrev.v4i2.13938
Surono, Toha, B., & Sudarno, I. (1992). Peta Geologi Lembar Surakarta – Giritontro, Jawa. Bandung: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi.
Van Bemmelen, R. W. (1949). The Geology of Indonesia. The Hague: Nijhoff.
Waskita, T. B., Zahra, R. A., Biladi, M., Isnain, M. N., Melati, P., Insani, A. A., Amri, I., Mardiatno, D., & Putri, R. F. (2020). Susceptibility Distribution Analysis of Tsunami using Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) Method in Parangtritis, Indonesia. 2020 6th International Conference on Science and Technology, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICST50505.2020.9732883
Widiyantoro, S., Gunawan, E., Muhari, A., Rawlinson, N., Mori, J., Hanifa, N. R., Susilo, S., Supendi, P., Shiddiqi, H. A., Nugraha, A. D., & Putra, H. E. (2020). Implications for Megathrust Earthquakes and Tsunamis from Seismic Gaps South of Java Indonesia. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 15274. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72142-z
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/jg.v15i2.41767
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 202 timesPDF - 86 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Accredited Journal, Based on Decree of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia Number 36/E/KPT/2019
Copyright ©2020 Jurusan Pendidikan Geografi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Medan dan Ikatan Geograf Indonesia (IGI)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.