Production Of Spatial Geosite Itinerary Maps as Tourism Destinations

Jasman Jasman, Masri Ridwan, Moh Khairul Amri Kamarudin, Darwin Parlaungan Lubis

Abstract


The availability of tourist maps so far has experienced limitations in presenting attribute data in the form of non-spatial characteristics. Tourism is called quality if it can convey the information the community needs. Among them are location attributes, land use, natural and cultural phenomena history, and interrelationships between spaces. Geographical and cultural features are essential to be used in realizing quality tourism through the availability of information on tourism space areas, such as visualization of landscapes and depth of local cultural knowledge. This study used a qualitative method with data collection techniques carried out through interviews, focus group discussions, landscape documentation, surveys, and observations to determine the geographical position of spatial elements. The results of the study produced Itinerary Maps and geosite distribution, including the Saddang River, Buntu Lindo Batu, Lo'ko Malillin, Buntu Lingkobo, Mount Benteng Alla’, Buntu Karua, and Kalosi Arabica Coffee Cultivation. The row of geosites has a chronology and chronology of formation and is related to the social culture of the people in the Fort Alla’ area. The findings from this study are expected to provide exposure to the public, tourists, and the government to preserve natural and cultural heritage to become a reference in implementing sustainable tourism development in Enrekang Regency. It is necessary to develop a digital-based information system that presents spatial attribute data and ethnographic records that can be accessed online.

 

Keyword: Tourism Geography, Ethnography, Benteng Alla’, GIS


Full Text:

PDF

References


Achmad Bahar, A. M., Udin, W. S., Hussin, H., Sulaiman, N., & Sulaiman, N. (2020). Geomorphosite Assessment of Renyok River, Jeli, Kelantan. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 549(1), 012023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/549/1/012023

Darwin P Lubis, Mbina Pinem, & M. Ali N Simanjuntak. (2017). Analisis Perubahan Garis Pantai Dengan Menggunakan Citra Penginderaan Jauh (Studi Kasus Di Kecamatan Talawi Kabupaten Batubara). Jurnal Geografi, 9(1), 21–31. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24114/jg.v9i1.6044

Ansori, C., Setiawan, N. I., Warmada, I. W., & Yogaswara, H. (2022). Identifying geodiversity and evaluating geosites to determine geopark themes of the Karangsambung-Karangbolong National Geopark, Kebumen, Indonesia. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 10(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2022.01.001

Bilgihan, A., Okumus, F., Nusair, K., & Bujisic, M. (2014). Online experiences: flow theory, measuring online customer experience in e-commerce and managerial implications for the lodging industry. Information Technology & Tourism, 14(1), 49–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-013-0003-3

Boers, B., & Cottrell, S. (2007). Sustainable Tourism Infrastructure Planning: A GIS-Supported Approach. Tourism Geographies, 9(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616680601092824

Bouzekraoui, H., Barakat, A., El Youssi, M., Touhami, F., Mouaddine, A., Hafid, A., & Zwoliński, Z. (2018). Mapping Geosites as Gateways to the Geotourism Management in Central High-Atlas (Morocco). Quaestiones Geographicae, 37(1), 87–102. https://doi.org/doi:10.2478/quageo-2018-0007

Brilha, J. (2016). Inventory and Quantitative Assessment of Geosites and Geodiversity Sites: a Review. Geoheritage, 8(2), 119–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-014-0139-3

Brokou, D., Darra, A., & Kavouras, M. (2021). The new role of cartography in modern tourism. AGILE: GIScience Series, 2, 19. https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-2-19-2021

Brown, S., Baldwin, C., & Chandler, L. (2015). Representation of Butchulla cultural heritage values in communicating K’gari (Fraser Island) as a tourism destination. Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 22(2), 163–180. https://doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2014.985266

Bulan, C. D. (2021). Kopi Arabika Kalosi Enrekang. Pangadereng : Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 7(2), 269–284. https://doi.org/10.36869/pjhpish.v7i2.203

Burrell, J. (2009). The Field Site as a Network: A Strategy for Locating Ethnographic Research. Field Methods, 21(2), 181–199. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X08329699

Dowling, R. K. (2014). Global Geotourism – An Emerging Form of Sustainable Tourism. Czech Journal of Tourism, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.2478/cjot-2013-0004

Eboy, O. (2017). Tourism Mapping: An Overview of Cartography and The Use Of Gis. BIMP-EAGA Journal for Sustainable Tourism Development, 6, 61–67. https://doi.org/10.51200/bimpeagajtsd.v6i1.3068

Erharti, B. (2010). Conserving geoheritage in Slovenia through geomorphosite mapping. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAIQw7AJahcKEwiosYe2zfL-AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unil.ch%2Ffiles%2Flive%2Fsites%2Figd%2Ffiles%2Fshared%2FGeovisions%2FGeovisions35%2FGeovisions35_IGUL_4_Erhartic.pdf&psig=AOvVaw3KTnjnTdpv64F4HwPQ3lbe&ust=1684077418155735

Ershad, M., & Ali, E. (2020). Geographic Information System (GIS): Definition, Development, Applications & Components. https://doi.org/DOI.10.36869/Pjhpish.v7i2.203

Fatchan, A. (2015). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif: Pendekatan Etnografi dan Etnometodelogi untuk Penelitian Ilmu-ilmu Sosial. Yogyakarta: Ombak.

Fiori, S. (2010). Cartografia E As Dimensões Do Lazer E Turismo: O Potencial Dos Tipos De Representação Cartográfica. Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, 62(3), 527–542. https://doi.org/10.14393/rbcv62n3-43688

Garb, J. L., & Wait, R. B. (2011). Using Spatial Analysis to Improve Health Care Services and Delivery at Baystate Health. Journal of Map & Geography Libraries, 7(3), 330–348. https://doi.org/10.1080/15420353.2011.599768

Ghorbanzadeh, O., Pourmoradian, S., Blaschke, T., & Feizizadeh, B. (2019). Mapping potential nature-based tourism areas by applying GIS-decision-making systems in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Journal of Ecotourism, 18(3), 261–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/14724049.2019.1597876

Gomaa Agag, & Ahmed A. El-Masry. (2016). Why Do Consumers Trust Online Travel Websites? Drivers and Outcomes of Consumer Trust toward Online Travel Websites. Journal of Travel Research, 56 (3), 1–22.

Gordon, J. E. (2018). Geoheritage, geotourism, and the cultural landscape: Enhancing the visitor experience and promoting geoconservation. In Geosciences (Switzerland) (Vol. 8, Issue 4). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8040136

Górska-Zabielska, M., & Zabielski, R. (2017). Potential Values of Urban Geotourism Development in a Small Polish Town (Pruszków, Central Mazovia, Poland). Quaestiones Geographicae, 36(3), 75–86. https://doi.org/doi:10.1515/quageo-2017-0025

Hanyoung Go, & Ulrike Gretzel. (2010). The Role of Interactive Maps and Spatial Ability in Creating Virtual Tourism Experiences: A Measurement Framework. 2010 TTRA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, 1–11. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2010/Visual/24/

Hosseini, S., Baziyad, H., Norouzi, R., Jabbedari Khiabani, S., Gidófalvi, G., Albadvi, A., Alimohammadi, A., & Seyedabrishami, S. (2021). Mapping the intellectual structure of GIS-T field (2008–2019): a dynamic co-word analysis. Scientometrics, 126(4), 2667–2688. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03840-8

Jasman, Ridwan, M., & Guntara, F. (2021). Utilization of Geographic Information Systems in Applying Smart Tourism in the Nona Mountain Area. Jurnal Kepariwisataan Indonesia, 15(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47608/jki.v15i12021.36-48

Jovanović, V., & Njeguš, A. (2008). The application of gis and its components in tourism. Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research, 18(2), 261–272. https://doi.org/10.2298/YJOR0802261J

Kalvet, T., Olesk, M., Tiits, M., & Raun, J. (2020). Innovative tools for tourism and cultural tourism impact assessment. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12187470

Kang, S., Kim, W. G., & Song, H. (2019). Exploring the Role of Travel and Tourism in Sharing Economy Activities: A Case Study of South Korea. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 20(5), 599–616. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2019.1579079

Kasiannan, S. (2007). Mapping Traditional Belief Systems and Establishing Contemporary Connections In A Historical Landscape. In International Committee of Architectural Photogrammetry & Andreas Georgopoulos (Eds.), XXI International CIPA Symposium (pp. 1–6). CIPA. https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXVI/5-C53/papers/FP082.pdf

Kent, A. J. (2013). Understanding Aesthetics: The Cartographers’ Response the Aesthetics of Cartography View project Mapping for Sustainability View project. Bulletin of the Society of Cartographers, 46(1–2), 31–43. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282122834

Kent, A. J. (2019). Maps, materiality, and tactile aesthetics. Cartographic Journal, 56(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087041.2019.1601932

Kirom, N. R., Sudarmiatin, ., & Putra, I. W. J. A. (2018). The Influence of Tourist Attractions Towards the Tourists’ Satisfaction. KnE Social Sciences, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i3.1889

Koentjaraningrat. (1997). People and Culture in Indonesia. Djambatan.

Krishna, A., Hadian, M., Agus, R., & Hurriyati, R. (2016). Developing geotourism as part of sustainable development at Ciletuh Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 7. https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v7.1(13).05

Lau, G., & McKercher, B. (2006). Understanding tourist movement patterns in a destination: A GIS approach. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(1), 39–49. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23745380

Manish Kumar, R. B. Singh, Anju Singh, Ram Pravesh, Syed Irtiza Majid, & Akash Tiwari. (2023). Geographic Information Systems in Urban Planning and Management (Springer Nature Singapore, Ed.; XVII, 252, Vol. 1). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7855-5

Marlina, E., & Natalia, D. (2016, January 21). Geotourism Potential Based Analysis Tourism Development Concept towards Sustainable Tourism. International Language and Tourism Conference 2016 (ILTC) “Roles of Research in Language and Tourism in Turning Insight into Action.” https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328684847_Geotourism_Potential_Based_Analysis_Tourism_Development_Concept_towards_Sustainable_Tourism?enrichId=rgreq-58b33edfe1fee26ea58f19f8c1d9c053-XXX&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzMyODY4NDg0NztBUzo2ODgzMTgwNjQ4ODU3NjBAMTU0MTExOTIyMzAyOQ%3D%3D&el=1_x_2&_esc=publicationCoverPdf

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis; An Expanded Sourcebook (Second Edition). Sage. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAIQw7AJahcKEwj4roKXm_T-AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fvivauniversity.files.wordpress.com%2F2013%2F11%2Fmilesandhuberman1994.pdf&psig=AOvVaw1cVKbXdHSgCMj4tNqz1bez&ust=1684133152830869

Munthali, M. G., Davis, N., Adeola, A. M., & Botai, J. O. (2020). The impacts of land use and land cover dynamics on natural resources and rural livelihoods in Dedza District, Malawi. Geocarto International, 37(6), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2020.1791978

Oliver-Velez, D., Finlinson, H., Deren, S., Robles, R., Shedlin, M., Andia, J., & Colon, H. (2002). Mapping the Air-Bridge Locations: The Application of Ethnographic Mapping Techniques to a Study of HIV Risk Behavior Determinants in East Harlem, New York, and Bayamón, Puerto Rico. Human Organization, 61(3), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.17730/humo.61.3.99nm1tuxan9yd7ap

Pan, B., Crotts, J. C., & Muller, B. (2007). Developing Web-Based Tourist Information Tools Using Google Maps. In M. Sigala, L. Mich, & J. Murphy (Eds.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2007 (pp. 503–512). Springer Vienna.

Parent, N. (2020). From Exile to Homeland Return: Ethnographic Mapping to Inform Peacebuilding from Afar. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development, 9(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.5334/sta.772

Pareta, K. (2013). Remote Sensing and Gis-Based Site Suitability Analysis for Tourism Development. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2(5), 43–58. www.garph.co.uk

Pavlovic, N., & Krstić, M. (2020). The Impact of Information Technology on Tourism Development. International Thematic Monograph – Thematic Proceedings Digital Edition, 293–309.

Pearce, D. (1995). Tourism Today: A Geographical Analysis (2nd ed. Longman.

Piacentini, T., Miccadei, E., Berardini, G., Aratari, L., De Ioris, A., Calista, M., Carabella, C., D’arielli, R., Mancinelli, V., Paglia, G., & Buccolini, M. (2019). Geological tourist mapping of the mount serrone fault geosite (Gioia dei Marsi, central Apennines, Italy). Journal of Maps, 15(2), 298–309. https://doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2019.1592718

Pramono, J., Sumartana, I. M., Santosa, I. M., Denny Herlambang, P. G., & Purwantoro, B. (2020). Destination Success Factors for Millennial Travelers Case Study of Tanah Lot Temple, Tabanan, Bali. ADI Journal on Recent Innovation, 1(2), 136–146. https://doi.org/10.34306/ajri.v1i2.44

Rachman F. Arief. (2013). Geografi Pariwisata Jawa Dan Bali. Media Bangsa.

Reynard, E. (2004). Geosite. In Goudie, A. S. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of geomorphology. Routledge.

Rodrigues, M., Russo Machado, C., & Freire, E. (2011). Geotourism routes in urban areas: A preliminary approach to the Lisbon geoheritage survey. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 8(2), 281–294. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233816905_Geotourism_routes_in_urban_areas_A_preliminary_approach_to_the_Lisbon_geoheritage_survey

Sacchini, A., Imbrogio Ponaro, M., Paliaga, G., Piana, P., Faccini, F., & Coratza, P. (2018). Geological landscape and stone heritage of the Genoa Walls Urban Park and surrounding area (Italy). Journal of Maps, 14(2), 528–541. https://doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2018.1508378

Salomão Graça, A., & Fiori, S. (2015). Proposal for a Tourist Web Map Of The South Area Of Rio: Cartographic Communication And The Act Of Representing The Landscape In Different Scales And Levels Of Abstraction. Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, 67, 1079–1090. https://doi.org/10.14393/rbcv67n5-44629

Sieng, K., & Eboy, O. (2021). Ethnographic Patterns Map for Ethnographic Patterns Map for Traditional Heritage of Kadazan Dusun Community Using GIS Analysis. International Journal of Geoinformatics, 17, 69–78. https://doi.org/10.52939/ijg.v17i2.1761

Singh, P. (2015). Role of geographical information systems in tourism decision-making process: a review. In Information Technology and Tourism (Vol. 15, Issue 2, pp. 131–179). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-015-0025-0

Slaċana Starĉević, & Sneţana Konjikušić. (2018). Why Millenials as Digital Travelers Transformed Marketing Strategy In Tourism Industry. International Thematic Monograph Tourism in Function of Development of the Republic of Serbia - Тourism in the Era of Digital Transformation, 221–240. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3280320

Sofronov, B. (2018). Millennials: A New Trend for The Tourism Industry. Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series, 18, 109–122. https://doi.org/10.26458/1838

Spradley, J. P. (1997). Ethnography Method. Misbah Zulfa Elizabeth, Tiara Wacana.

Stibral, K., & Faktorová, V. (2021). The origins of the aesthetic appreciation and artistic depiction of the industrial landscape. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 16(2), 151–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2020.1778009

Štrba, L., Kolackovská, J., Kudelas, D., Kršák, B., & Sidor, C. (2020). Geoheritage and geotourism contribution to tourism development in protected areas of Slovakia-theoretical considerations. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072979

Suciani, A., Parlaungan Lubis, D., Pinem, M., Sidauruk, T., Berutu, N., Fadhira, C., & Febriana Sihaloho, S. (2022). Analisis Manajemen Wisata Halal Berbasis Smart Tourism di Pulau Weh (Sabang). Journal of Laguna Geography, 01(2). http://journal.moripublishing.com/index.php/joulage

Tran Ngoc Them. (2013). Defenisi Tentang Budaya. Pusat kurikulum dan Perbukuan, Balitbang.

Tripathi, B., Sharma, H., Pelto, P., & Tripathi, S. (2010). Ethnographic Mapping of Alcohol Use and Risk Behaviors in Delhi. AIDS and Behavior, 1(4), S94-103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-010-9730-z

Wainwright, J., & Bryan, J. (2009). Cartography, territory, property: Postcolonial reflections on indigenous counter-mapping in Nicaragua and Belize. Cultural Geographies, 16(2), 153–178. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474474008101515

Wei, W. (2012). Research on the Application of Geographic Information Systems in Tourism Management. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 12, 1104–1109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2012.01.394

Wulung, S., Putra, R., Permadi, R., & Maulana, M. (2020). Concentration-Dispersal Strategies to Assist Geotourism Destination Planning: A Case Study of Ciletuh-Palabuhanratu UNESCO Global Geopark. Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies, 8(3), 156–164. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jitode.2020.008.03.05

Xu, L., Zhang, J., & Nie, Z. (2022). Role of Cultural Tendency and Involvement in Heritage Tourism Experience: Developing a Cultural Tourism Tendency–Involvement–Experience (TIE) Model. Land, 11(3), 2–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11030370

Zhang, J., Xiong, K., Liu, Z., & He, L. (2022). Research progress and knowledge system of world heritage tourism: a bibliometric analysis. Heritage Science, 10(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-022-00654-0




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/jg.v15i2.48990

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 179 times
PDF - 89 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Accredited Journal, Based on Decree of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia Number 36/E/KPT/2019

Copyright ©2020 Jurusan Pendidikan Geografi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Medan dan Ikatan Geograf Indonesia (IGI)

Creative Commons License


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.